Kōrero: Ngā iwi o Tāmaki

Whārangi 4. Ngā tūtakitanga ki te Pākehā

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā pakanga mau pū

Kino rawa atu ngā pānga o ngā pakanga mau pū i ngā tau 1815 ki te 1840 ki ngā iwi o Tāmaki. Nō te whiwhinga pū o Hongi Hika i āna mahi hokohoko me te Pākehā, i patua kinotia a Ngāti Pāoa e Ngāpuhi ki tō rātou pā ki Mauinaina (Panmure). He nui te iwi i hinga. I patua anōtia a Te Kawerau-a-Maki i te horonga o ō rātou pā ki te tai hauāuru. I te tekau tau atu i 1820, i whakarerea te rohe e ngā iwi ka oma ki roto i te rohe o Tainui.

Te Tiriti o Waitangi

Tekau mā ono ngā rangatira i haina i te Tiriti o Waitangi ki Waitematā i te 4 o Maehe 1840. Nō te 20 o Maehe, ka hainahia e Āpihai Te Kawau o Ngāti Whātua te Tiriti i te whanga o Manukau. Nō te 9 o Hūrae 1840 i hainahia te Tiriti e ngā rangatira tokowhitu o Ngāti Whātua ki te rohe o Tāmaki. Kia whakaae rawa a Kāwana Wiremu Hopihona ka noho ia ki Tāmaki hei kaitiaki mō te rohe, kātahi anō a Te Āpihai ka haina i te tiriti.

Ngā whenua i riro

Nā te kaha hohoro o te Pākehā ki Tāmaki i ngā tekau tau o 1840, o 1850, tāpae atu ko te nekehanga o te tāone matua mai i Kororāreka, tino nui rawa te hiahiatia o ngā whenua o te rohe. Kia tae ki te tau 1850 ko te nuinga o ngā whenua pai i hokona e te Pākehā. Hauware atu ngā kupu taurangi mō te wehe i ētahi ‘whenua rāhui’ ki te Māori. Kia tae ki te tau 1860, e 40 ōrau o ngā whenua Māori i Tāmaki kua riro kē. I tua atu, i raupatuhia ngā whenua e 40,500 heketea ki te tonga o Tāmaki ki raro i Te Ture mō te Whakanoho i te Hunga Mārie (New Zealand Settlements Act) o te tau 1863.

Taka rawa ki te tau 1936, ki te toharitea, e whā noa iho ngā heketea mō te Māori kotahi ki te rohe o Tāmaki. Ko ngā whenua o Te Kawerau-a-Maki, o Ngāi Tai, o Ngāti Pāoa ki ngā pae maunga o Waitākere, o Hūnua, i riro hei whakatūnga puna wai whāngai i te tāone o Tāmaki; i te mutunga ka hurihia ō rātou whenua hei whenua rāhui ā-rohe. Nō te tau 1951 i panaia a Ngāti Whātua i tō rātou whenua papa tipu ki te whanga o Ōkahu i Ōrākei. Ka wāhia, ka tahuna ngā whare, ngā wharenui. Taka rawa ki te rau tau 1900 i te riro tonu ngā whenua o Ngāti Te Ata me Te Wai-o-Hua ki te whanga o Manukau. I riro ngā whenua i raro i te Ture mō Ngā Mahi Nunui (Public Works Act), mō ngā mahi pēnei i te waihanga i te taunga waka rererangi o Tāmaki, ngā mahi parakaingaki o Māngere, te mira rino ki Waiuku hoki.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rāwiri Taonui, 'Ngā iwi o Tāmaki - Ngā tūtakitanga ki te Pākehā', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-iwi-o-tamaki/page-4 (accessed 1 May 2024)

He kōrero nā Rāwiri Taonui, i tāngia i te 8 Feb 2005, updated 22 Mar 2017