Kōrero: Ngā iwi o Tāmaki

Whārangi 3. Ngā iwi o Tāmaki

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngāti Pāoa

Ko Pāoa te tipuna taketake o Ngāti Pāoa. I heke ia i Ngāruawāhia kei ngā tahataha o te awa o Waikato, kia tau ki te rohe o Hauraki. I reira ka moe ia i a Tukutuku, he uri nō Marutūahu. Nā ōna uri, nā Ruatao he uri nō Ngāti Marutūahu rāua ko Kapetaua nō Ngāti Pāoa te nuinga o ngā whenua o Tāmaki i raupatu i roto i te maha o ā rāua pakanga. He maha ngā pakanga a Ngāti Paoa ki ngā iwi o Ngāti Whātua rāua ko Te Wai-o-Hua o Tāmaki; ko ngā wāhi pakanga ko Mahurangi me ngā awa o Tāmaki, o Whau. Taka rawa ki te wā o te taenga o te Pākehā, ko Ngāti Pāoa te iwi ki Tāmaki, ki ngā rohe o Pārāwai, o te pae maunga o Hūnua, o te taha rāwhiti o Tāmaki, o te moutere o Waiheke, o te takutai e ahu whakateraki ana ki Whangaparāoa.

Ngāi Tai

He iwi whakaheke a Ngāi Tai i ngā tīpuna o Tainui, i a Taihaua, i a Taikehu, i a Te Kete-ana-taua. Ka noho rātou ki Tāmaki i te haerenga o te waka a Tainui ki Kāwhia. Tērā te wā i roto te iwi i tētahi pūnaha tauhokohoko mā te takutai, ka toro ki ngā wāhi atu i Tāmaki, ki Moehau, ki Aotea, ki te takiwā rawa o Ngāi Tai e noho mai rā i te taha rāwhiti o Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi. Taka rawa mai ki ēnei rā, kei te toitū tonu aua hononga. Kia taka ki ētahi whakatipuranga, ka ita anō ngā hononga i waenganui i a Ngāi Tai rāua ko Ngāti Tai, i te heke a Raukohekohe rātou ko Motuitawhiti, ko Te Kawenga, ko tō rātou tira atu i Tōrere ki Tāmaki. E mōhiotia ana taua heke ko Te Heke-o-Ngā –Tokotoru. I a rātou i Tāmaki ka moea tahitia e Raukohekohe rāua ko Motuitawhiti a Te Whakatau, te rangatira o ngā iwi o Te Wai-o-Hua, o Ngāi Tai.

Te Wai-o-Hua rāua ko Ngā Oho

I ahu mai te iwi o Te Wai-o-Hua i ngā waka a Te Wakatūwhenua rāua ko Te Moekākara, i te iwi tawhito o Te Arawa i a Ngā Oho-mata-kamokamo-o-Ohomairangi. Tērā te wā ko rātou te iwi nui ki ngā whenua kei waenganui o Tauranga, o Cape Rodney, takiwā ki Leigh. Nō muri iho ka wehe ngā whaitua e toru o te iwi o Ngā Oho; ko Ngā Oho ki Papakura; ko Ngā Riki atu i Papakura ki Ōtāhuhu; ko Ngā Iwi atu i Ōtāhuhu ki Te Raki Paewhenua. Whāia rawa, ka whakakotahi rātou ki raro i te rangatira i a Te Hua-o-kaiwaka, kia tū mai ko Te Wai-o-Hua.

Kia taka ki te rau tau e 1700, ko Te Wai-o-Hua te iwi matua ki te rohe o Tāmaki. Hāunga, i te tau 1741 ka patua te ariki o Te Wai-o-Hua, a Kiwi Tāmaki ki te pakanga o Paruroa, e Waha-akiaki o ngā iwi o Te Taoū rāua ko Ngāti Whātua. Koianei te wa ka riro i a Ngāti Whātua te mana o te pū o Tāmaki-makaurau.

Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei

Heke ai a Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei i te kotahitanga o ngā iwi o Ngāti Whātua, arā, i a Te Roroa rātou ko Te Uri-o-Hau, ko Te Taoū. Heke ai te kotahitanga iwi nei i a Tumutumuwhenua (ko Tuputupuwhenua rānei) i ērā hoki o te waka o Māhuhu-ki-te-rangi. I heke ō rātou tīpuna i Muriwhenua ki te whārua o Waimamaku, ka neke ki te ngahere o Waipoua, ki te whārua o Kaihū, ki te whanga o Kaipara. Ka tae ki aua rohe, ka moe rātou i ngā iwi tōmua ake o taua takiwā. I ngā tau pokapū o te rautau 1700, whai muri i ngā pakanga a Waha-akiaki rāua ko Tuperiri, ka toitū te noho a Ngāti Whātua ki Ōrākei.

Ngāti Te Ata

Ko tētahi atu o ngā ingoa o te iwi o Ngāti Te Ata ko Te Ruakaiwhare, te ingoa o te kaitiaki o te whanga o Manukau. I nōhia e rātou ngā rohe o Waiuku, o te kūrae o Te Awhitū, o ngā pae maunga o Huia me Waitākere.

I takea mai te ingoa o te iwi i te wahine whai mana i a Te Ata-i-Rēhia, he mokopuna nā Te Hua-o-kaiwaka, te tipuna taketake o Te Wai-o-Hua. I tukuna he whenua ki a ia ki Waiuku mō tana awhi i a Ngāti Kahukoka i roto i ā ratou pakanga ki ētahi atu iwi. I moe a Te Ata-i-Rēhia i a Tapuae, he rangatira nō Tainui. I patua a Tapuae i muri tata i tana raupatu i ngā whenua ki ngā taha o te awa o Waikato mai i Taupiri ki te pūaha o Waikato. Nā tāna tama nā Pāpaka tōna mate i ranaki i te rironga tūturutia o ngā whenua o Waiuku ki te iwi o Ngāti Te Ata.

Te Kawerau-a-Maki

Ko Te Kawerau-a-Maki tētahi o ngā iwi tawhito rawa o Tāmaki, i whai mana ki ngā rohe atu i te pae maunga o Waitākere, ahu whakateraki ki Cape Rodney.

Ka whakaheke a Te Kawerau-a-Maki i ngā waka o Tainui, o Te Wakatūwhenua, o Moekākara. E ai ki te kōrero, nā tō rātou tipuna tawhito rawa nā Tiriwa te puia o Rangitoto i kawe i te tātahi o Karekare ki tōna tūranga e tū ana ia ināianei kei te moana o Tīkapa. Ko te ingoa tawhito o te pae maunga o Waitākere ko Te Wao-nui-a-Tiriwa. Koinei te pū manawa o te iwi.

E whakapapa ana te iwi nei i ngā tohunga o te waka o Tainui i a Rakataura rāua ko Hape. E kīia ana he hononga ō rātou ki a Te Kawerau, tētahi iwi ka heke i te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi ki Tāmaki.

Ko Maki te tipuna o te iwi o Te Kawerau-a-Maki, i heke i ngā rohe o Tainui, o Taranaki. I riro i a rātou ko tōna iwi ngā whenua kei waenganui o Tāmaki, o Kaipara. I ahu mai te ingoa ā-iwi i te tama a Maki, i a Te Kawerau-a-Maki, nā te kōwhetewhete i waenganui i tōna matua me te iwi o Ngāti Whātua mō ngā māra kūmara (ko te kupu kawerau te kupu mō ngā here o ngā kete kawe kūmara). Nā te mokopuna tuarua o Maki, nā Te Au-o-te-whenua i whai mana ai te iwi ki ngā whanga o Muriwai, o Manukau.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rāwiri Taonui, 'Ngā iwi o Tāmaki - Ngā iwi o Tāmaki', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-iwi-o-tamaki/page-3 (accessed 18 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Rāwiri Taonui, i tāngia i te 8 Feb 2005, updated 22 Mar 2017