Kōrero: Mātauranga Māori

Whārangi 1. Te mātauranga i te ao Māori o mua

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā tikanga ako

I ngā rā o mua he tikanga whakaheke mō ngā mea nui katoa. He tikanga ēnei i kunea mai i ngā rautau maha. Ko te tukanga ako ka huataki i te kōpū, i te māmā e waiata oriori ana ki te tamaiti kāore anō kia whererei. Kia whānau te tamaiti, mā te tohunga e whakarite te huarahi o te tamaiti ki roto ki te iwi.

Kia pakari haere ka āta whakakorikoritia ki ngā mahi a te hapū me te iwi; pērā i te kohi kai, i te hauhake me te taka kai, te raranga, te whakairo me te tū hei toa pakanga. Ka whakamahia, ka whakangungua hoki ngā pia. Mā ngā tākaro me ngā whakaharatau ka whakakoi rātou ki ngā mahi a te pakeke.

Ngā tikanga me te whāngainga

Ka tū tētahi kawa hei tohu i ngā taumata ka ekea i te tukanga ako, pēnei i te whakamātau pia. He mea tuku ngātahi ngā akoako, ā, he rite tonu te whai wāhi mai ngā a ngā pāpā, a ngā whāea me ngā kaumātua ki ngā akoako. I runga i ngā āhua o te tapu, ka āta whāngaia rātou ki ōna tikanga katoa. He iwi kōrero tuku iho te Māori. Ko ōna hītori, ko ōna pūmanawa me ōna whanonga kei roto i te waiata, te whakataukī, te kōrero tawhito, te pūrākau me te whakapapa.

Te whare wānanga

Ko te whare wānanga te wāhi e whāngaia ai te tauira ki te kai mārō. Ko ngā tauira ka ahu mai i ngā kāwai rangatira o te iwi. Me ihumanea hoki te tauira e mau ai ngā momo waiata, karakia, whakapapa me ngā kōrero tawhito e mana ai ia hei tohunga.

Ngā kete wānanga

He mea whakaheke te mātauranga Māori i ngā kete e toru i tīkina e Tāne i te toi o ngā rangi. Kei te kete aronui ko ngā mātauranga mō ngā whakapono, ngā kawa me ngā mātauranga mō te oranga kikokiko, wairua, hinengaro hoki o te tangata. Kei te kete tuauri ko ngā mātauranga pai o te tangata, ngā korero tuku iho me ngā mahi hoki o te ira tangata. Kei te kete tuatea ko te mahi whaiwhaiā me te mākutu.

E ai ki tētahi kōrero o Ngāti Kahungunu ka kake ake a Tāne ki Te Toi-o-ngā-rangi, arā, ki te rangi ngahuru mā rua. I reira ka naomia e ia ngā kete e toru o te wānanga me ngā whatukura e rua. Ko ngā kete i ahu mai i te whare ko Mātangireia, ā, ko ngā kōhatu i ahu mai i tētahi atu whare ko Rangiātea te ingoa. Kātahi ka heke a Tāne i ngā rangi, ā, whakairia rawatia ngā kete me ngā kōhatu ki Wharekura; he whare kei te rangi tuarua, kei Rangitāmaku.

Ko te whare wānanga tuatahi o te ao tangata nā Ruatepupuke i waihanga ki Te Hono-i-Wairua, ko Wharekura anō te ingoa. Ko Te Rāwheoro ki Ūawa te whare wānanga rongonui rawa pea, i Aotearoa nei.

Te kaupapa o te whare wānanga

He wānanga tō ia iwi, ā, he ingoa ake tō tēnā, tō tēnā. Arā atu ētahi whare ako pērā i te whare pora (raranga), te whare mātā (te hopu manu me te ika) me te whare tātai kōkōrangi.

He mea tīpako rawa ngā tauira, ā, ka kawea ngā whakahaere ki waho o te pā i runga i te tapu. Hei te hōtoke tū ai ngā akoako, mai anō i te ata hāpara tae noa ki te tūhoetanga o te rā. Ko te whakapapa, ko te tātai atua, ko ngā kōrero tuku iho ka huaina e te tohunga me ōna taura hei hopu mā ngā tauira. Ko ngā whare wānanga whakamutunga o ukiuki i tū i te wāhanga whakamutunga o te rautau 1800.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Ross Calman, 'Mātauranga Māori - Te mātauranga i te ao Māori o mua', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/matauranga-maori/page-1 (accessed 29 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Ross Calman, i tāngia i te 20 Jun 2012