Kōrero: Ngā hāhi

Mai i te taunga mai o te mihinare ki Aotearoa i te tau 1814, ka mene te Māori ki ngā hāhi. Mai i te pokapū o te rautau 1900 kua taukumekume i te āhua kia whai wāhi ake te Māori ki roto ki ngā whakapono hōu.

He kōrero nā Hirini Kaa
Te āhua nui: Te mīhana ki Whāingaroa i te tau 1840

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Hāhi Mihinare

Ko te Hāhi Mihinare te whakapono tuatahi kia tuku i ōna mihinare ki Aotearoa i te tau 1814. Inā e tohu ana tōna ingoa Māori ki tēnei. Ko tā ngā mihinare he whakatahuri i ngā Māori mā rātou anō e kauhau i te rongopai ki te iwi. Ko te pirihi Māori tuatahi ko Rota Waitoa i whakawāhia i te tau 1860.

Taka rawa ki te pito o te rautau 1800 i muri i ngā pakanga whenua, ka waimeha te awe Māori ki roto ki te Hāhi Mihinare (ki Aotearoa nei hoki). Heoi anō, tau iho ki te tau 1928 ka tipu te reanga Māori hōu, me te pīhopa Māori hōu o te Hāhi Mihinare. Whai muri i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao ko te hūnukutanga o Ngāi Māori ki ngā taone noho ai. Ko te whakatūnga tērā o te Hāhi Mihinare, me ētahi atu hāhi, i ētahi hōtaka āwhina i te hunga noho taone.

Mai i te tau 1992, e toru ngā kaupeka ā-iwi o te Hāhi Mihinare – mō te iwi Pākehā, te iwi Māori me ngā iwi o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa. Ka whakangungua katoatia ngā pirihi o te hāhi ki te reo Māori.

Hāhi Metoriti

Nō te tau 1822 ka tau mai ngā mihinare Metoriti ki Aotearoa. He paku iho ngā utu a ngā minita Māori i o rātou hoa Pākehā, heoi i whai wāhi nui rātou ki te tipunga o te whakapono nei. I te tau 1970 ka whakaputaina e Rua Rakena tōna pukapuka e tono ana kia rerekē mai te āhua o te hāhi ki ōna pononga Māori, ka mutu kia ao rua te Hāhi Metoriti.

Hāhi Katorika

I te tau 1838 ka tau mai ngā mihinare Katorika tuatahi ki Aotearoa. Mātua ka whakahau rātou ki te Tai Tokerau, ki Waikato. He maha ngā tau whai muri i ngā pakanga whenua ka whakatahangia ngā mahi mihinare ki waenganui i te Māori, engari ka piripono ngā hapori Katorika Māori ki te hāhi. I te tekau tau 1940 ka whakawāhia a Wiremu Te Āwhitu hei pirihi Māori tuatahi mō ngā Katorika, ā, ka tīmata hoki ngā Hui Aranga.

I te tekau tau 1980 ka tauawhitia e ngā rangatira o te Hāhi Katorika te iwi ruatanga, ā, ka whakatūhia Te Rūnanga o Te Hāhi Katorika ki Aotearoa. I te tau 1988 ka tū ko Max Takuira Māriu hei pīhopa Māori tuatahi.

Hāhi Perehipitiriana

I tōna tīmatanga, mō ngā kainoho Pākehā te Hāhi Perehipitiriana, ā, taihoa ake ka hōrapa ā rātou mahi ki te iwi Māori. Ko te minita Perehipitiriana tuatahi ko Timu Teoke i te tau 1931. I te tau 1945 ka karangatia kia nui ake ngā kaiārahi Māori o te hāhi. Nō te tau 1947 ka tū te marae o te hāhi ki roto o Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi hei pokapū mō ngā Māori o te hāhi. Nō te tau 1953 ka whakatūhia ko Te Wānanga a Rangi hei whakangungu i te taha wairua o te Māori ki te hāhi.

Hāhi Mōmona

Nō te tau 1881 ka tonoa e ngā Momona o rātou mihinare mai i Amerika ki Aotearoa nei. He maha ōna pononga Māori, tae rawa ake ki te Tai Tokerau me te Tai Rāwhiti. I ngā tau tōmua o te rautau 2000, neke atu i te haurua o ngā pononga o te Hāhi Momona he Māori.

Te Ope Whakaora

I te taenga tuatahi mai o Te Ope Whakaora ki Aotearoa, ka pū anō ā rātou mahi ki ngā taone. Nō te tau 1888 ka tīmata te torotoro ki roto o te awa o Whanganui, ā, taka mai ki te pokapū o te rautau 1900 ka whakahaere te hāhi nei i tētahi mīhana ki te Tai Rāwhiti. Mai anō i te tau 2000 kua whai kaha ake ngā mahi a te hāhi ki te iwi Māori.

Ringatū

I waihangatia te Hāhi Ringatū e te poropiti Māori e Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Tūruki. Ka mana ā-ture te hāhi i te tau 1875.

Te Hāhi Rātana

I waihangatia Te Hāhi Rātana e Tahupōtiki Wiremu Rātana i te tau 1925. I te tau 2006, ko te Hāhi Ratana te hāhi Māori nui ake o te motu, ā, e 50,565 ōna mema, arā, 10 ōrau o te taupori Māori.

Ngā Hāhi Penekōtara

Ka whakapau kaha ētahi hāhi ki te whakatipu i o rātou kaiārahi Māori. I te pokapū o te tekau tau 1990 ka tīmatahia e Brian Tāmaki te Hāhi Destiny, ā 75 ōrau o ōna mema he Māori.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Hirini Kaa, 'Ngā hāhi', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-hahi (accessed 29 March 2024)

He kōrero nā Hirini Kaa, i tāngia i te 5 o Mei 2011, updated 1 o Māehe 2017