Kōrero: Kai Pākehā

Whārangi 1. Ngā taonga tōmua

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā tipu hou

He nui ngā tipu i mauria ki Aotearoa e ngā kaihōpara Pākehā tōmua. Nō te marama o Tīhema i te tau 1769, ka whakarerea iho e te kaihōpara Wīwī e Kāpene Jean Francois Marie de Surville he witi, he pī, he raihi ki Aotearoa. Whāia, nō te tau 1772 ka whakatō e Marc Joseph Marion du Fresne he witi, he kānga, he rīwai, aha atu ki te moutere o Moturua i Pēwhairangi.

Nō te tau 1773 ka whakatō a Kāpene Kuki rāua ko te kaiurungi a Tobias Furneaux i tētahi māra kī ana i te rīwai, te kāroti, te uhitea, te kāpeti, te rīki, te rikiroa, te pahiri, te uhikura, te panikakā, te kano pīni, te pīni takihi (kidney bean), te pī, te keha me te witi. Nō taua tau anō, i te takiwā o Te Kauae-o-Māui, ka hoatu e Kuki he purapura witi, pīni, pī, kāpeti, keha, riki, kāroti, uhitea, uwhi ki te rangatira a Tuanui.

Ngā tipu i Te Wai Pounamu

I te hekenga tuatoru o Kuki ki Aotearoa i te tau 1777, ka hoki a ia ki te mātaki i ngā māra i whakatōkia e rātou ko āna kauhoe; heoi, kua kore katoa. Hāunga, i toe ētahi tipu kāpeti, riki, rikiroa, purslane, uhikura, rīwai ki ngā māra nā Furneaux i whakatō.

Tae rawa ki te tau 1810 i te whakatō ngā iwi o Te Ara-a-Kiwa i te rīwai hei hoko. Tērā pea i ahu mai ēnei rīwai i ngā māra i whakatōkia ki Tōtaranui, ka hōpara mā ngā pūnaha a Ngāi Tahu ki ngā moka o Te Wai Pounamu. I te tau 1820, ka kite a Bellingshausen, te kaihōpara nō Rūhia, i te Māori e whakatipu rīwai ana ki Tōtaranui. Tipu noa ai te kāpeti i te takiwā.

Ngā tipu i Te Ika-a-Māui

Tatū ki te tau 1801, kua tipu te rīwai ki Parawai; tae ki te tau 1805 e hokona ana he rīwai ki Pēwhairangi. I ahu mai pea ēnei rīwai i te māra o Marion du Fresne i Pēwhairangi, i ngā purapura rānei he mea tuku mai e Rūtene Kāwana Phillip King o te moutere o Norfolk i te tau 1793.

Tatū ki te tau 1807, kua hōrapa te kāpeti ki ngā moka o Te Tai Tokerau. Ko te whakapae i ahu mai ngā kāpeti tōmua o Te Tai Rāwhiti i ērā nā Kāpene Kuki i hoatu ki a Tuanui i tērā rau tau.

Ngā kararehe hou

I te tau 1769 ka hoatu e de Surville ētahi poaka e rua ki ngā Māori o Taipā i Te Tai Tokerau. I ngā hekenga tuarua, tuatoru a Kuki, he nui ngā poaka i tukuna ki Tōtaranui, ā, e whā i whakaratoa ki a Tuanui, rangatira o Te Matau-a-Māui. Ko te whakapae i ahu mai ngā poaka puihi o Te Wai Pounamu i a Kuki. Kīia ai ēnei poaka he kāpene kuki.

Nō te tau 1773 me te tau 1777 ka tukuna noatia e Kuki he nanekoti. I te tau 1773 anō, ka hoatu e ia ngā heihei e toru me ngā tame e rua ki ngā Māori o Tōtaranui. Nāna anō i whakarere ngā heihei e rua me ngā tame e toru ki Tōtaranui. I te paunga o taua tau o 1773, ka kite a Furneaux mā i ētahi heihei e paopao hua ana i te ngahere.

I te tau 1793 ka tuku a Kāwana King o te moutere o Norfolk i ngā poaka e 12 ki a Tukitahua, tetahi o ngā rangatira tokorua i kahakina ki Norfolk. Kia tae ki te tau 1795 kotahi anake te poaka e ora ana. Kātahi ka whakahoahoa a King ki a Te Pahi, ka tukua ngā poaka e 56 mā runga i ngā kaipuke e toru i ngā tau 1804 me 1805. Ko te whakapae, koia nei pea ngā poaka tōmua o Te Ika-a-Máui. Nō te tau 1805 ka tīmata te Māori ki te hoko poaka ki te Pākehā.

Ētahi atu kararehe, ētahi atu tipu

Nā Te Mātenga (Samuel Marsden) ngā hōiho me ngā kau tuatahi i mau ki Pēwhairangi i te tau 1814. Nō te tau 1819 ka kawea mai e tētahi kaihopu tohorā Amerikana he momo kūmara nui atu i ā te Māori. Tere kē te Māori ki te nanao atu, tapaina ai taua momo kūmara, ko merikana. Nō te tau 1793 ka tukuna e Kāwana King he kānga; tae rawa ki te tau 1816 makuru ana te tipu.

Nō te tau 1827 kua tīmata te tauhokohoko i te merengi me te pītiti ki ngā Pākehā kei Pēwhairangi.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Hazel Petrie, 'Kai Pākehā - Ngā taonga tōmua', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/kai-pakeha/page-1 (accessed 1 May 2024)

He kōrero nā Hazel Petrie, i tāngia i te 24 Nov 2008