Whārangi 1: Haurongo
Maynard, Pētera Te Hiwirori
1892/1893?–1969
Nō Rongowhakaata; he tangata kutikuti hipi, he kaiwhakahaere uniana, he kaihautū hapori
I tuhia tēnei haurongo e John E. Martin, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 2000. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.
Nō te tau 1892, 1893 rānei i whānau ai a Pētera Te Hiwirori (Hiwi) Maynard i Manutūkē i te takiwā o Tūranga (Gisborne). Ko te tama ia a Wiremu Hātea Maynard rāua ko tana hoa wahine, ko Pēhi Te Wīwini, ā, ko rāua ngātahi nō Rongowhakaata. He ihu oneone a Wiremu. He mea kura a Hiwi ki te kura tuatahi o te wā kāinga me te Kāreti o Waerenga-a-Hika. He kaimahi pāmu nei tana mahi ka wehe mai nei ia i te kāreti. I te wā o te Pakanga Tuatahi o te Ao ka tīmata tana mahi kutikuti hipi, ā, noho ake ana ia he whakahaere i tōna ake rōpū kuti hipi.
I Takapau i te takiwā pea o te tau 1913, i moea ai e Hiwi Maynard a Te Ātaarangi Hēperi o Ngāi Tahu. Tokowhā nei wā rāua tamāhine, tokotoru nei ngā tama tāne. E kōhungahunga tonu ana tētahi o ngā tama ka mate. Pū ana te rongo o Hiwi i te hau kāinga, ko ia nei tētahi o te tīma whutupaoro o Tūranganui-a-Kiwa (Poverty Bay), ka hinga nei i a rātau te tīma o Ākarana (Auckland) i te tau 1926, 17–14 te kaute. He maha tonu ngā tau a ia i te tīma o Tūranganui-a-Kiwa, ā, i te mutunga o tana purei whutupaoro i mau tonu tana piri ki te tākaro nei. Nō te tau 1931 i hemo ai a Te Āta i te mate kohi. Kāti, moea ake ana e Hiwi a Reremoana Te Orihau Watson i Manutūkē i te 20 o Pēpuere i te tau 1936; tokoono ā rāua tamāhine, tokoono ā rāua tama tāne.
Mai i te tau 1912 i tīmata ai te toro atu o Hiwi ki ngā mahi uniana o te takiwā taiwhenua. Nō te tau 1925 i whakatūria a ia hai kaikaunihera whakahaere mō te Kotahitanga o ngā Tāngata Mahi o Niu Tīreni (New Zealand Workers’ Union) mō te rohe o Tūranga, ka noho nei ia hai tino taura here mō te uniana nei me ngā Māori o te taiwhanga o Tūranganui-a-Kiwa. Nō te tau 1927 i tae ia ki te hui tuatahi o ngā hui ā-tau a te Kotahitanga, ka kōrero nei ia mō te mahi whakakounu a ngā kaitukumahi i ngā kānataraki a ngā rōpū kutikuti hipi. Ko ia tētahi o ngā mema o te rōpū māngai i tae ake ki te kōrero ki te Minita mō ngā Mahi Nunui (Minister of Works) mō te āhua o ngā whare noho o ngā kaikutikuti. He mea tohe e Hiwi, nā te mea he Māori kē hoki te nuinga o ngā kaikutikuti o Tūranganui-a-Kiwa, i kino kē atu ai tēnei āhua ki reira. I noho tonu tēnei hai take nui mā Hiwi, he mea whakahau tonu rā ia e te rangatira o tētahi pāmu, arā, ko te awa unu wai o ngā kararehe te wāhi anō hai unu wai, hai horoi māna. E ai ki tāna, kua waia kē ngā rangatira noho kōkuhu noa e whai nei i te taha tōrangapū matau, ki te kī, ahakoa te aha o te wāhi noho, e pai noa ana mō te Māori.
Atu i te tau 1932 ki 1933, ko ngā Māori kutikuti hipi o Tūranganui e ārahina nei e Hiwi, te hunga e mau ake nei i te whawhai ki te whakanoho i te utu a te uniana te utu tika ki ngā kaimahi. I te korenga o Hiwi mā i whakaae ki ngā kānataraki he iti ake te utu i te utu a te uniana, ā, hai aha hoki ki ngā kaikutikuti Pākehā e tae ake ana ki taua takiwā, mahia kētia ana e rātau aua mahi rā. I te hui a te Kotahitanga i muri mai ka puta te kōrero, kātahi te mahi taurekareka rawa atu a ngā kaimahi Pākehā i kitea ko tēnei!
I te taenga atu o te rōpū māngai a te Kotahitanga ki te kite i te kāwanatanga hou nei, i a Reipa i te tau 1936, ka tūtaki a Hiwi ki a Bob Semple, ki a Dan Sullivan me Tim Armstrong. Ko tāna ki a rātau, mā te iwi Māori tonu te Rōpū Reipa e tautoko. Ki te whakautu a Semple, kāore e rerekē ngā whakarite mō te Māori i ērā mō te Pākehā. Ki tāna anō, ko te Māori te tangata whenua o Aotearoa, ā, kua oti kē i te hunga Pākehā tō rātau whenua te whānako; nō reira, kua taka mai ki a rātau, ki te hunga Pākehā, te mahi ki te tiaki tika i ngā Māori. Nā te mea kāore wā te Rōpū Reipa he kaiwhakahaere Māori, i riro ai ko ngā kiriāwhina o te Kotahitanga o ngā Tāngata Mahi ngā tino māngai atu o te Rōpū Reipa ki te iwi Māori. Ehara anake i ngā take ahumahi i tupu ai te rongo o Hiwi hai kaiārahi mō te hunga Māori ā-rohe, kīhai anō hoki i mahue i a ia ngā mahi tōrangapū. I te wā o te whakamataaratanga pōti o te tau 1957, i riro nā Hiwi i whakatūtū haere ngā hui tōrangapū o te rohe kāinga i ngā Rātapu, he mea tīmata rawa aua hui ki te karakia poto nei.
I te kaha o te tupu haere o ngā uniana whakature, me te tupu haere mai anō hoki o te Kotahitanga o ngā Tāngata Mahi, i noho ai tēnei uniana ko tētahi o ngā uniana tino nui rawa atu o te motu. Nō te tau 1939 i meinga ai a Hiwi hai kaiwhakahaere mō te rohe o Tūranga, he whakatatū nei tana mahi i tētahi kirimini e pā ana ki ngā kaimahi o ngā kaupapa ahu whenua Māori. I te tau 1941, e ai ki te kōrero a te hēkeretari peka, kātahi nā te kaha i whakapaua e Hiwi ki tō rātau wāhanga o te uniana, tae atu hoki ki āna mahi mō ngā whakahaere a te wāhanga ahu whenua, whakatipu kararehe hoki, hai whakakitenga ngātahi ki te tangata. I taua wā he mea pōti atu a ia hai kanohi Māori ki runga i te komiti whakahaere a te Kotahitanga, ka mau nei i a ia tēnei tūranga tae noa ki te tau 1955.
Nuku atu i te rua tekau tau i noho ai a Hiwi Maynard hai māngai, hai kaiwhakahaere hoki mō te Kotahitanga. I te tau 1954, nā te mahi whānako a te hēkeretari a te wāhanga o te Kotahitanga o Tūranga, i riro ai tāna mahi i a Hiwi. Ka taka mai nei ki te tau 1962, he pakeke rawa nōna kia pōtitia anō hai hēkeretari te take i whakaaro ia kua tae tēnei ki te wā me mutu tana ‘kakari’. Ahakoa i mahi haere tonu ia hai kaiwhakahaere mō tētahi tau atu, nā tana pāngia e te mate i te mutunga o te tau kutikuti hipi o 1963, i whakatā nei ia. Tohua ana a ia hai mema mō te uniana ā pau noa ōna rā, ā, e ono marama te utu whakatā nei i a ia.
He mea nui ki a Hiwi Maynard ngā take e pā ana ki ngā whenua Māori. Ko ia tētahi o te Kaunihera Māori o te Takiwā o Te Tai Rāwhiti (Tairāwhiti District Māori Council), whai wāhi rawa ana hoki ki ngā mahi a te Hāhi Mihinare i Manutūkē, noho rawa ake hoki hai heamana mō ngā komiti marae, komiti ā-iwi ruarua nei. I whakatūria anō hoki a ia hai kaiwhakawā tūmatanui, ā, ka hia tau kē nei ia e kaihautū ana mō te iwi Māori o te rohe. Nō te 22 o Hune o te tau 1969 i mate ai a Hiwi Maynard, ka mahue mai nei ko āna tamariki me tana wahine tuarua.