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Kōrero: Uru, Henare Whakatau and Uru, John Hopere Wharewiti

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Uru, Henare Whakatau

1872–1929

Nō Ngāi Tahu; he tāngata tākaro, he tāngata ahuwhenua, he kaiwhakahaere Māori, he kaitōrangapū

Uru, John Hopere Wharewiti

1868–1921

Nō Ngāi Tahu; he tāngata tākaro, he tāngata ahuwhenua, he kaiwhakahaere Māori, he kaitōrangapū

I eh tuhia tēnei haurongo e Christine Elizabeth Lock, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1996.

Ko John Hopere Wharewiti rāua ko Henare Whakatau Uru, ētahi o ngā tamariki 21 a Hoani Uru, he kaiahu whenua, rāua ko tāna wahine, ko Kataraina (Kata) Kaipāroa. I whānau tahi rāua ki Kaiapoi: ko Hopere nō te 26 o Maehe 1868 pea, ko Henare nō te tau 1872. Āpiti atu ki tō rāua tuahine hāmua, ki a Tīmaima Pōtanga Waiata me tō rātou tāina anō, me Marakaia Hape, ko rātou anake ngā tamariki i ora, ā pakeke noa. Nā tō rātou tipuna, arā, nā te pāpā o tō rātou matua kēkē, nā Apetara Kautuanui i haina te whakaaetanga ā-pukapuka mō Te Whakaraupō (Port Cooper) i te tau 1849. Nō Ngāi Tūāhuriri hapū o Ngāi Tahu rātou.

I Tuahiwi, e kō tata ana ki Kaiapoi, te whānau e noho ana; i kuraina ngā tamariki ki te kura ki reira. Atu i te tau 1889, i kuraina a Hopere ki te Kāreti o Te Aute i Heretaunga, i Te Matau-a-Māui (Hawke's Bay). Ko Henare i kuraina ki te kura tuarua o Rangiora (Rangiora High School). Ko te whānau o ngā Uru he Katorika, ēngari nō muri rawa nei ka huri a Hopere rāua ko Henare ki te Hāhi Mihinare. Nō te 24 o Hune o te tau 1891, ka moe a Henare i a Ruita Te Āika i Kaiapoi. Nō te tau o muri mai, i te 4 o Pēpuere, ka moe a Hopere i a Rāhera (Rachel) Muriwai Mutu i Kaiapoi anō. Taka rawa ki 1896, kua wehe tūturu a Ruita rāua ko Henare.

I toa tahi a Henare rāua ko Hopere ki ngā mahi tākaro. Ko rāua ētahi o te tīma toa o te karapu whutupaoro o Kaiapoi (Kaiapoi Rugby Football Club), i te tau 1891; nō muri mai, ka whakawhiti rāua ki te karapu o Ngāi Tūāhuriri (N'Tū Ahuriri Club). I uru a Hopere, arā ko Piri (Billy) anō tētahi o ōna īngoa karanga, hei kaiepa tere mō te tīma kirikiti o Ngā Pākihi-whakatekateka-a-Waitaha (Canterbury) i te tau 1894, ā, nō te tau 1896, ka uru a ia ki te tīma whutupaoro o Waitaha. He kaimamau, he kaiwhakataetae rongonui a ia. Na, ko Henare, arā, ko Hāre (Harry), ko Tau rānei ētahi o ōna īngoa, i uru ki ngā mahi kaiaka, ki te whutupaoro, ki te tēnehi, ki te mamau me te hau anō o tōna rongo ki te eke paihikara.

I roto tahi a Henare rāua ko Hopere i te ope hōia tūao mau raiwhara eke hōiho o Waitaha ki te raki (North Canterbury Mounted Rifle Volunteers); he kāpene te tūranga o Hopere. Nō te whakanuinga o te rā Taimana Tiupiri o Kuini Wikitōria i Ingarangi, i te tau 1897, i haere ai a Hopere i te taha o te ope hōia Māori; ko tōna tūranga he haihana. Nō te koroneihana o Kīngi Eruera VII i te tau 1902, ka hoki anō ia, ēngari i a ia te tūranga āpiha teitei tuarua o te ope hōia Māori o Aotearoa. I te whakatuwheratanga o te Whare Pāremata Whakatōpū o Ahitereiria i te tau 1901, ka tae atu rāua ki reira; ko te āpiha whakahaere o te ope hōia Māori, ko Hopere.

He taonga nui rawa atu tēnei mea te puoro ki te whānau Uru. He mōhio tahi a Henare rāua ko Hopere ki te whakatangitangi i te wairingi me te piana. Ko Henare te kaiwhakahaere o te Kamupene Puoru o Rāpaki (Rāpaki Music Company), me te Kapa Haka o Koukourarata (Port Levy Concert Party), ā, ko te mahi a tō rāua taina, a Marakaia, he taki rōpū kōnehete haere ki te taha raki o Waitaha, ki te kohi moni. E whakaarotia ana, nā Henare te waiata rā, a 'Pō Atarau' ('Now is the hour'), i hari tuatahi mai ki Aotearoa nei i Ahitereiria.

He tangata mahi pāmu a Henare, ā, i whakatūria anō hoki e ia he umanga hoko pūtu, hoko hākaru me te hua rākau. I tū a ia hei kaiwhakahaere Māori mō te Kōti Whenua Māori mō ngā tau 25, ā, e rua āna tari mō taua mahi, arā, ko tētahi i Te Ika-a-Māui, ko tētahi anō i Te Waipounamu. Kāre i tino tawhiti atu i Kaiapoi te pāmu a Hopere Uru. Ko ia te tiamana o te komiti kura o Tuahiwi, ā, atu i te tau 1902 ki te tau 1905, ko ia te hēkeretari o te Kaunihera o Mahunui (Mahunui Māori Council) i runga i tōna tūranga kaiwhakahaere mō ngā take o Poutini Ngāi Tahu.

I uru atu te whānau Uru ki roto ki ngā pakanga ā-ture me ngā pakanga tōrangapū e pā ana ki ngā kerēme a Ngāi Tahu ki ngā whenua me ngā hua o Papatūānuku. Nā Mīkaera Tūrangatahi i wira tētahi tekihana whenua i Kaiapoi ki a Henare i te tau 1892. Kātahi ka tautohetia te tika o tēnei mahi e Hōhepa Te Rangi me ētahi atu nā te mea kei te whai wāhi rātou ki taua whenua i raro i ngā tikanga Māori. Nō te tau 1904 ka whakataua e te Kōti Matua (Supreme Court) te take nei; ka hinga a Henare. Heoi, ko te hua o ngā whakatau taupatupatu a te kōti, ko te whakanoho pōraruraru i ngā taitara o te takiwā ki Kaiapoi. Ko te tukunga iho ko te whakatūranga o tētahi kōmihana roera i te tau 1911.

He whakarite i ngā kerēme a Ngāi Tahu te tikanga o te Ture mō ngā Māori whenua kore o Te Waipounamu (South Island Landless Natives Act) 1906; heoi anō, pū kaha ana te wenewene i te itiiti rawa o ngā utunga i tukua mai. I whakatūria a Hopere Uru hei hēkeretari mō Te Kerēme a Ngāi Tahu rāua ko Ngāti Māmoe, i hangaia i te tau 1907 i Te Umukaha (Temuka). Ko tētahi petihana i rangona e te Komiti mō ngā Mea Māori (Native Affairs Committee) o te Pāremata i te tau 1910, e inoi ana kia tirotirohia te hokonga a Te Keepa (H. T. Kemp) i 1848, ā, he mea tuku atu i runga i te kaupapa kia whakaarotia paitia mai e te kāwanatanga.

Tae rawa ake ki te tau 1913, kua heke a Hopere Uru ki Pōneke (Wellington), noho ai hei kaiwhakahaere Māori. I wehe tūturu rāua ko tana wahine, ko Rāhera i te tau 1915; ko te āhua nei kāre kau ā rāua tamariki. Nō te 5 o Hepetema o 1916 ka moea e ia a Rīwaka Ānaha Tauwhare i Pōneke (Wellington). Nō mua atu, nō te tau 1915 te wā i heke ai a Henare ki Ākarana (Auckland). I reira i te 31 o Maehe o taua tau anō, ka moea e ia tana hēkeretari kua ono tau rā i tēnei mahi, arā, a Gladys Constance Mary Rogers. Taro ake ka whakapiri atu a Hopere rāua ko Marakaia ki a ia. Ka whakatūria e rātou tā rātou umanga kaiwhakahaere Māori, ka whakaīngoatia ko ngā 'Uru Brothers, Native Agents'. I whakamutua taua umanga i te matenga o Taare Parata i te tau 1918, koirā te tau i tū ai a Hopere hei whakakapi mō Parata, ā, ka pōtitia a ia hei mema Pāremata mō te rohe Māori ki Te Tonga. I ngā rā o mua, i whakataetaetia e Hopere te tūru nei i ngā tau 1905, 1908 me 1911, ēngari kore rawa ia i momoho. Ka hoki a Marakaia Uru ki Ōtautahi (Christchurch); i haere a Henare ki te mahi miraka kau i Ahikiwi i Te Tai Tokerau.

Nō Hopere ka hou atu ki te Whare Pāremata, ka waimarie ia i ana tohenga kia whakatūria te kōmihana o te tau 1920 hei tirotiro i te hokonga a Te Keepa. Nā te hui i Rāpaki i te tau 1921, a ia i whakamana ki te hoatu rīpoata o te whakaaetanga a Ngāi Tahu ki te tūtohutanga a te kōmihana kia utua te moni Ł354,000 hei kamupeneheihana, hei whakaea katoa i te kerēme. I a ia tonu e mema Pāremata ana, ka mate a Hopere Uru i te 29 o Noema 1921. Ka mahue ki muri i a ia ko tana wahine, ko Rīwaka me ā rāua tamariki, kotahi te mea tāne, kotahi te mea wahine.

Nō te hinganga o Hopere, ka tonohia atu a Henare Uru kia whakataetaetia e ia te tūru mō te rohe Māori ki Te Tonga, ā, riro ana i a ia. E uaua ana te kite i a ia e tū ana ki te kōrero ki te Pāremata, nā te mea kua oti kē i a ia āna take te whakatutuki ki roto i ngā komiti o mua atu o te huinga o te Whare. Ahakoa anō nō te pōtitanga i te tau 1925, ka hoki anō ia i runga i te tutuki pai o te nuinga o ngā take a Ngāi Tahu i oti i a ia. Āta haere noa te mahi i te kerēme a Ngāi Tahu, ā, nō te tau 1923, i whakaritea he ture e whakamana ana i te Kōti Whenua Māori ki te whakatau ko wai ngā tāngata whai pānga. Nō tētahi hui anō i Tuahiwi i te tau 1925, me tētahi whakauiui anō a te Kōti Whenua Māori i reira i taua wā anō, i oti ai te take nei te whakarite. Nā ētahi pīra i whakaroa te utu o ngā moni, ēngari, nō te tau 1929, ka whakatūria te Poari Kaitiaki o Ngāi Tahu hei māngai mō ngā tāngata whai pānga. Heoti, nō te pōtitanga i te kāwanatanga i te tau o mua atu, kīhai a Henare i pōtitia. I a ia i te tangihanga mō te pouaru a Hopere, ka pāngia a ia e te hukihuki ohorere. I mate ia ki Pōneke i te 7 o Maehe o te tau 1929. Ka mahue mai ko tana wahine, ko Gladys me ā rāua tamariki, tokorua ngā mea wāhine, tokorua ngā mea tāne. Kei te taha o Hopere i Tuahiwi a ia e takoto ana.

He huhua noa atu ngā mahi i tutuki i a Hopere rāua ko Henare Uru. Ko te tino mea rawa, ko tā rātou mahi ko ērā o ngā kaihautū o Ngāi Tahu ki te whakahaere tonu i tā rātou take kamupeneheihana mō ō rātou whenua i riro. Ā mutu rawa ake, nā runga i ō rātou kaha mō ngā tau e hia kē nei, i riro ai i a rātou tētahi wāhanga o te tika.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Christine Elizabeth Lock. 'Uru, Henare Whakatau and Uru, John Hopere Wharewiti', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1996, updated o Noema, 2010. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/3u1/uru-henare-whakatau (accessed 29 March 2024)