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Kōrero: Nahe, Hoani

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Nahe, Hoani

1833/1834?–1894

Nō Ngāti Maru; he pūkorero, he kaitōrangapū

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Angela Ballara, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1993. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Nā Hoani Nahe tonu te kōrero i whānau ia i te wā e mahia ana te whare mīhana i Pārāwai (kei Thames). Ko te tau 1833 ki 1834 pea tēnei. Ākuanei pea ko tōna wāhi whānau ko Te Poho i kō tata atu i te manga o Kirikiri. Ko Pātara Te Rangiteapake (ko Pātara Paki rānei) tōna matua nō Ngāti Maru; ko tōna whaea ko Riripeti – ko Rohu tētehi o ōna īngoa – nō Ngāti Whanaunga. Ko te iwi ake o Hoani ko Ngāti Maru; ko Ngāti Hauāuru, ko Ngāti Te Aute, ko Ngāti Kotinga ōna karangatanga hapū, ēngari e taea ana e ia te whakaheke i a ia i ngā tama tokorima a Marutūāhu, te tipuna i puta ai a Ngāti Maru. Nā konei ia i noho whanaunga ai ki ngā wehewehenga katoa o ngā iwi o Hauraki. He pānga anō ōna ki a Ngātoroirangi o runga i a Te Arawa, ā, ki a Tākitimu hoki.

Ko ngā tāngata i whai wāhi ki te ako i a ia i tōna tamarikitanga, ko James Preece, he mihingare, me te kaiako, me Wiremu Turipona. I haere hoki ia ki te kura a te minita, a W. C. Dudley, ā, i noho tauira rawa mā Te Wākana (C. S. Völkner). Nō te tau 1852 ka haere ia ki te Kāreti o Hoani Te Kaikauwhau i Ākarana (Auckland). Nā te uaua o ngā tikanga ako pea, ka oma, ēngari ka tīkina anō e Pīhopa Herewini (G. A. Selwyn) i runga i tōna hiahia kia noho a Hoani hei pononga mā te hāhi. Nā tōna matatau ki āna mahi mātauranga, ka whakawhiwhia ki ngā taonga, ēngari i noho tonu hei reimana, kāore i neke atu.

I ngā tau whakamutunga mai i 1850, ka tīmata āna mahi kohikohi i ngā kōrero o nehe me ngā whakapapa o tōna iwi ā mate noa. Ko āna tuhinga tāhuhu kōrero tuatahi i pā ki te hekenga mai o te Māori i Hawaiki, ko tōna īngoa tuhi ko 'Hōne'. I te tau 1881 me te 1883, ka tuhi a Hōne Waiti (John White), kaiwhakaemi kōrero, ki a Hoani kia tukua atu āna tuhinga me ngā tuhinga hoki a tētehi tangata ko Te Rira te īngoa. Ko te utu i whakatakotoria e Te Waiti, e £5. E hia nei ngā kōrero a Hoani i whakamāoritia, ka meatia e Te Waiti ki roto i tana pukapuka tuawhā, Ko ngā tātai kōrero whakapapa a te Māori me ngā karakia o nehe ( The ancient history of the Māori 1888), ēngari kāore i whakahuatia te ahunga mai i a Hoani. Kāore i pai ngā mahi whakatikatika i ngā tuhituhi, i te hē te reo tuhi, ka whakarerekēngia te whakapapa o ngā kōrero, ā, ka whakauruurutia atu ngā kōrero a ētehi kē ki ngā tuhituhi a Nahe. Nō muri mai ka puta tana amuamu ki a Te Mete (S. Percy Smith) mō te whakakotiti a Te Waiti i āna kōrero.

I tīmataria e Hoani āna tāhuhu kōrero i te tāraitanga i a Tainui i Hawaiki, ā, ka ū mai ki Aotearoa. Ka kōrerotia a Hotunui me tana tama me Marutūāhu, ka whakahekea ki ngā uri i papatipu ai ki Hauraki ki te pukerae o Moehau (Coromandel Peninsula), ki Pārāwai hoki. He nui āna kōrero mō ngā pakanga o ngā iwi o Hauraki ki a Ngā Puhi i te pito o te rau tau mai i 1700, ki ngā tau tuatahi o te rau tau mai i 1800 oti atu ki ngā kōkiri pū okaoka a Ngā Puhi i te tau 1821. Maumahara tonu a Hoani ki te horonga o te pā o Te Tōtara i a Ngā Puhi. Ki a ia nā te mahi nanakia i hinga ai a Te Tōtara i te mea kua tū kē he maungārongo i mua tata atu, ā, ko tā rātou mere pounamu ko Te Uira te whakahere. Haere ake nei, i te mau tonu tōna wawata kia whakahokia atu a Te Uira. I whakamutua āna kōrero ki te wā i rere ai a Ngāti Maru ki Horotiu whakaruru ai. Ka puta hoki ngā kōrero pakanga ki a Ngāti Pāoa me ētehi o ngā iwi o reira. He kōrero motuhake anō āna mō te tipuna o Ngāti Pāoa, mō Pāoa.

Ina taka he wā, kua puta ngā kōrero a Nahe e kitea ai te tauira o āna mahi whakaemi kōrero. Kore rawa ia e whakaemi karakia, he tapu rawa. E ai ki a ia, ka taea te tuhi ngā kōrero i whakaemihia e ia i ngā rima tau ka pahure, i roto i te rua wiki me te hāwhe; kāore hoki e taea e ngā kaumātua te noho roa i tōna taha ki te whakaheke i ngā tikanga. Ka puta ōna amuamu mō ngā kaumātua e hiahia ana kia utua rātou ki te tupeka, ki te moni rānei, mō ngā kōrero ka tukua ki a ia. Ahakoa ēnei raruraru, mau tonu ia ki tana kaupapa i runga i te mōhio ka roa muri, ka tata mua mō ngā kaumātua. Ki te matemate rātou, kua kore he kaumātua mōhio ki ngā kōrero. I muri mai ka mutu tana utu i ngā kaikōrero, kei puta ko ngā kōrero parau.

Hei āpiti i āna mahi whakaemi kōrero, i uru atu a Hoani Nahe ki ngā kaupapa e tū mai ana i mua tonu i tana ihu. I pakangatia e ia i te Kōti Whenua Māori kia uru atu ia ki ngā poraka whenua. Nā tōna tautōhito ki te whakapapa me ngā kōrero onamata, ka whāia hei māngai mō ngā kaupapa whenua a te iwi. I te tau 1874 ka noho hei kaiārahi mō te komiti whakaara tikanga kia tū ai Te Wānanga, te nūpepa Māori o Te Matau-a-Māui (Hawke's Bay).

Ka mate a Mohi Mangakāhia, te tangata i whakaarahia ai hei tohe i te tūranga Mema Māori mō Te Hauāuru ki te Pāremata, ka whakaae a Hoani kia tū ko ia, ēngari he mahinga nui ka whakaae. Ka riro i a ia te tūru i te tau 1876, ko Te Keepa Te Rangihiwinui te papa. Ka whakatūria e Tā Hōri Kerei (George Grey) hei minita kaupapa kore, hei mema hoki mō te Kaunihera Whiriwhiri (Executive Council), mai i te tau 1877 ki te 1879. I runga anō ia i te Komiti mō ngā Mea Māori Native Affairs Committee), ko tana mahi he whiriwhiri i ngā pitihana Māori.

I a ia i te Whare Pāremata, tapatahi ana ki te whawhai mō Te Hauāuru me te iwi Māori whānui. Nā tana kore e āta mōhio ki te reo Pākehā, ka tōmuri āna mahi, otirā he mate tēnei i pā ki te nuinga o ngā mema Māori. I tētehi wā ka puta tana amuamu mō tana kore e matatau ki ngā whakahaere o tētehi taha, o tētehi taha o te Whare. Ahakoa kāore i pērā tōna mauri ohooho i tō tana hoa, i a Karaitiana Takamoana, kia kōrero ki te kaupapa whenua Māori e kōkiritia ana e te kāwanatanga a Kerei, mārama ana, hāngai ana te kōrero. Koia nei te kōrero a tētehi o ngā mema. Nā te mea ko ia te minita Māori mānuka tū tahi, ko tētehi o āna mahi he ārahi i a Kerei rāua ko Hōne Hīhana (John Sheenan), ko te minita mō ngā take Māori, i te wā e whakapatipati ana i a Kīngi Tāwhiao i te tau 1878. Nāna hoki i ārahi a Hīhana ki Waitara ki te mirimiri i ngā Māori o Taranaki.

I taua tau anō, tutū ana te puehu i a Nahe i te Kōti Whenua Māori e whakarongo tuarua ana ki ngā tono mō te poraka o Te Aroha. Ko te whakapae a tētehi nūpepa, i te whakamahia e Hoani tana mana minita hei whakakīkī i te kōti kia puta ai he hua nui ki a ia; ēngari, i te whakahē kē ia i ngā tono a tōna ake iwi mō taua poraka, ahakoa i whakataua te mana ki a rātou e te kōti o mua atu.

I runga hoki a Nahe i te rūnanga o Hauraki. Ka riro nāna i whakawā te pupuhitanga i tū ā-kiko ai a Daldy MacWilliams, he kairūri, i te 29 o Ākuhata i te tau 1879. I tipu mai tēnei raruraru i te aukati a Ngāti Hako i te rūri me te hoko a Ngāti Koi i te poraka o Pukehanga. Nō Ngāti Hako ētehi wāhanga o te poraka e hokona ana. Nā Hoani i whakatakoto te whakatau a te rūnanga, he whakatau pono, kore rawa i paitia. E ai ki a Hoani, i te hē a Ngāti Koi ki te hoko i ngā whenua o Ngāti Hako, i te hē hoki te kāwanatanga ki te tuku moni hei hoko i te whenua i te mea kāore anō i whakamanahia ngā taitara, ā, i te hē hoki a Ngāti Hako ki te whakaara i te rau o te patu, ki te kukume rānei i te keu o te pū. Ka kimihia he huarahi e pai ana ki a rātou katoa.

Nō te tau 1879, ka heke iho a Hoani i tana tūranga Mema Māori mō Te Hauāuru. Nō mua iho ia noho ai ki Shortland (i nāianei he kāinga noho kei Thames), ki Pārāwai hoki, ēngari nō te mutunga i te Pāremata, ka noho ki tana pāmu i Ōmāhu e pātata ana ki Pūriri. Mau tonu tōna mana i roto i ōna iwi. Nā rāua ko tana whanaunga, ko Wīrope Hōterini Taipari me Hōri Mātene i tuku he whenua hei tūnga mō te kura ki Mātaiwhetū i Kirikiri; i mākā hoki tana whawhai atu i ngā mahi kia tū ai taua kura. Nō te tau 1886 i hoaina, ā, whakahaerea atu hoki e rāua ko Hōri Mātene te hanga o te whare karakia hou ki Pārāwai. Tū rawa ia hei āteha i te tau 1892, heoi anō e rua marama noa iho ka mutu. Nā tōna urunga pea ki ngā mahi a te Kotahitanga i mutu ai i tana mahi āteha, ina hoki koirā tētehi o ngā take i ngā huihui a te Kotahitanga i tae rā ia, he karanga kia whakamutua ngā mahi āteha.

Kore rawa i mahue i a ia āna mahi whakaemi kōrero. Ka tō haere te rā ki a ia, ka tīmata tā rāua whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ko Te Mete, inā anō te nui o te kōrero ki a rāua. Ka uru hoki hei mema tuhituhi mō te Rōpū Poronihiana (Polynesian Society) i te tau 1893; he nui āna kōrero tāpiri mō ngā kaupapa e tuhia ana e taua rōpū. I taua tau anō me te tau o muri mai ka tuhia e ia te wāhanga tuarua o āna kōrero, ā, ka tāpiritia ki te kōrero hou. Nā Te Mete i tuhi āna kōrero i roto i ngā pukapuka a te Rōpū Poronihiana i muri mai i te matenga o Hoani, i raro i ngā whakaūpoko 'The peopling of the north' me te 'Wars of the northern against the southern tribes of New Zealand in the nineteenth century'. I muri mai ka tāia anō i raro i te whakaūpoko Māori wars of the nineteenth century. Kore rawa i hapa i a Te Mete te whakahua i a Hoani i roto i ēnei tuhinga. I a Te Mete e ētita ana mō te Rōpū Poronihiana, ka tangohia mai e ia ngā kōrero a Hoani, ka whakapākehātia, kātahi ka tāia āna kōrero tautohe i te tūturutanga o ngā kupu 'Māori', 'Pākehā' me 'kaipuke'. Ki a Hoani nō onamata mai ēnei kupu ēngari nō te taenga mai o te Pākehā ka rerekē ngā tikanga o aua kupu. He nui āna kōrero kāore anō kia tāia.

He tangata kaha a Hoani Nahe ki te tuhituhi reta, ā, whakapā iho ana ki te tokomaha o ngā rangatira Māori, Pākehā hoki. Māmā noa iho tana kauwhau i ngā kōrero huhua e pā ana ki a Tainui, ki ngā tikanga a ngā iwi o Hauraki mai i te rangi ki te whenua e pā ana ki ngā whakapapa, ki te whenua, ki ngā kaupapa tōrangapū, me te whakapono. Otirā, i ētehi wā he tino hangahanga kōrero noa iho nāna ētehi o āna whakamārama kua riro kē hoki te ngākau i te ia Karaitiana. I āna nei anō, he tauira hoki nō te Kāreti o Hoani te Kaikauwhau.

I ngā rā tuatahi o Mei i te tau 1894 ka tū he raruraru whenua i waenganui i a Ngāti Koi rāua ko Ngāti Tāwhaki, maringi rawa he toto rangatira. Ka haere a Nahe ki Paeroa ki te wawao i tēnei raruraru; i runga i te marae ātea e kōrerotia ana. Nā te roa pea o tēnei kaupapa, ka werohia ōna pūkahukahu e te mātao, ka pāngia e te mate. Nō te 18 o Mei i te tau 1894 ka hemo ki te kāinga o Taipari i Pārāwai. I reira tōna uhunga nui. Kei te kīia i moe wahine rawa, tokotoru ngā tamariki e mōhiotia ana i puta. Kei te whakaheke tonu ōna uri.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Angela Ballara. 'Nahe, Hoani', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1993. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/2n1/nahe-hoani (accessed 30 March 2024)