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Story: Kāwanatanga – Māori engagement with the state

Māori settlement, Bay of Islands, about 1835

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Māori settlement, Bay of Islands, about 1835

Traditional Māori society was governed at a local and tribal level. This was very different from the national and international systems of governance familiar to the British officials who drafted the Treaty of Waitangi.

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Alexander Turnbull Library

Reference: A-196-038

Permission of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa, must be obtained before any re-use of this image.

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How to cite this page

Paul Meredith and Rawinia Higgins, Kāwanatanga – Māori engagement with the state – Defining kāwanatanga, Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/37431/maori-settlement-bay-of-islands-about-1835 (accessed 11 June 2026).

Story by Paul Meredith and Rawinia Higgins, published 12 June 2012, updated 1 August 2016.