Kōrero: Tuakiri o Aotearoa me te kāwanatanga

Whārangi 10. Aotearoa me te ao

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te marumaru

He whenua iti a Aotearoa, ahakoa te roa o tōna ākau. He nui ngā hokohoko ki ngā whenua kei tērā pito o te ao.

Ngā here ki Ingarangi

Nō te tau 1840 ka tū a Aotearoa hei whenua maru o Ingarangi. I pūmau ngā Pākehā (ko te nuinga nō Peretānia) o tēnei motu ki Peretānia. Hei tā rātou, he mea pai kia kapi te ao katoa i te mana o Peretānia. I mua i te hingatanga o Hingapoa i te tau 1942, i pōhēhē te iwi o Aotearoa ka tiakina tēnei whenua e te ope moana o Ingarangi. Tū ai ngā toa o Aotearoa ki ngā pakanga e rua o te ao.

Ka piri ki Te Hononga o Amerika

I te pakanga nui ki Te Moananui-a-Kiwa i te wā 1941-1945, nā Amerika a Aotearoa i whakamarumaru i ngā riri o Hapanihi. I te tau 1951 ka whakakotahi a Aotearoa, a Amerika, a Ahitereiria i te tūhono ANZUS. I te tau 1984 ka motu te herenga ki ANZUS, i te kore whakaae o Aotearoa kia tau ngā kaipuke pūngao karihi.

He whenua kei te tonga o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa

He hononga tata ō Aotearoa ki ngā moutere o Kuki Airani, o Niue, o Tokelau. He kirirarau o Aotearoa ngā tāngata o ēnei motu. He whenua motuhake a Kuki Airani me Niue, e whakaae ana rāua kia whai wāhi ki tētahi hononga ki Aotearoa. He takiwā a Tokelau e tiakina ana e Aotearoa; heoi, kei te iwi o Niue te nuinga o ōna kawenga kāwanatanga. Ko te titiro, tērā tonu pea ka rite a Tokelau ki a Kuki Airani me Niue, arā, ka tū hei whenua motuhake e piri ana ki a Aotearoa. Kei roto a Aotearoa i te huinga o ngā iwi o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa (Pacific Forum). Ko ētahi atu mema ko ngā moutere o te tonga o Te Moananui-a-Kiwa, ko Ahitereiria, ko Papua Nūkini.

Ahitereiria

Ko Ahitereiria te whenua tata rawa ki a Aotearoa, ā, koia te tino haumi o Aotearoa, tōna tino hoa tauhokohoko nui rawa atu. Mai i te tau 1983 ka tata atu te piringa ōhanga o ngā whenua nei. Kāore a Aotearoa i whakaae kia kuhu ki te whakakotahitanga o Ahitereiria i te tau 1901; hāunga tērā, taea noatia e te tangata te whakawhiti mai i tētahi whenua ki tētahi whenua ki te noho, ki te rapu mahi hoki. Mai anō, whakataetae ai ngā whenua nei tētahi ki tētahi; hāunga tērā, he rite ētahi o ā rāua tikanga ahurea. Whakanuia ai te rā o ANZAC e ngā whenua e rua nei. Koinei te rā whakamahara i ngā hōia o ēnei whenua i hinga ki Karipori i te tau 1915.

Ngā rōpū o te ao

He hononga ō Aotearoa ki ngā whenua maha o te ao. He tūranga tō Aotearoa ki ngā huihuinga nui o te ao, mā roto i Te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao (United Nations) me te Huihuinga o ngā iwi o Ingarangi (Commonwealth). I te hui tuatahi o Te Kotahitanga o ngā Whenua o te Ao i te tau 1945, ka whakahau a Aotearoa i te minenga kia arongia ngā whenua ririki. Ahakoa whenua iti, ka rongohia te reo o Aotearoa ki te Huihuinga o ngā iwi o Ingarangi.

Ross Dependency

 

I tapaina te rohenga whenua o Aotearoa i te Tiri o te Moana ki te Tonga, ki a Tā James Clark Ross, te kaihōpara rongonui o Peretānia. I te tau 1957 ka tīmata a Aotearoa ki te whakaputa pane kuini o Ross Dependency. I taua tau anō ka whakatūria he poutāpeta ki Scott Base, i te haerenga tuatahitanga o ngā tāngata ki reira noho ai mō tētahi wā roa. I te tau 1967 ka puta ngā pane kuini Ross Dependency hōu, i te panonitanga ki te pūnaha moni hōu.

 

Tauhokohoko ki-tai

He mea nui ki te ōhanga o Aotearoa ngā mahi tauhokohoko ki-tai. Kei roto a Aotearoa i te World Trade Organisation (WTO), te Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation Forum (APEC) me te Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Tohetohe ai a Aotearoa kia tuwhera ngā tauhokohoko o te ao, tae rawa ake ki ngā ahuwhenua.

Te Tiri o te Moana ki te Tonga

He pānga nui tō Aotearoa ki te Tiri o te Moana ki te Tonga, ā, koia tētahi o ngā kaihaina tuatahi o te Antarctic Treaty (1959). Whakahaerehia ai e Aotearoa te Ross Dependency.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

John Wilson, 'Tuakiri o Aotearoa me te kāwanatanga - Aotearoa me te ao', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/tuakiri-o-aotearoa-me-te-kawanatanga/page-10 (accessed 26 April 2024)

He kōrero nā John Wilson, i tāngia i te 8 Feb 2005, updated 1 Sep 2016