Kōrero: Kīngitanga

Koia tēnei tētehi o ngā kaupapa tōrangapū tūroa o Aotearoa, ko Te Kīngitanga. Nō te tau 1858 i tū ai, ko tōna kaupapa he whakakotahi i te iwi Māori i raro i te ariki kotahi. Ko Waikato te pokapū o Te Kīngitanga. I ngā tau tōmua o te wā i te kīngi Māori tuarua, Kīngi Tāwhiao, i te tekau tau o 1860, ka pau te kaha ki te takahanga o te riri a te Pākehā ki runga o Waikato. Ka whā tekau ngā tau o Te Arikinui Te Atairangikaahu i runga i te ahurewa tapu, he tongarerewa, he māpihi maurea.  Kāore he nōhanga roa ake o tētehi atu o ngā Kīngi ki te torōna Māori.

He kōrero nā Rahui Papa and Paul Meredith
Te āhua nui: Kīngi Tāwhiao

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ko Te Kīngitanga tētehi o ngā kaupapa tōrangapū tūroa o Aotearoa. Nō te tau 1858 i tū ai, kei te haere tonu i ngā tau o te 2000.

Ngā Pūtaketanga

I ngā wā o mua kāore he ‘Kingi’ o ngā iwi Māori katoa. Kei tēnā iwi tōna mana, kei tēnā tōna rangatira.

Nō roto i ngā tau o te 1850 ka nui ake te tokomaha o te kainoho Pākehā i te hiahia ki te whenua Māori.  Kāore kau i te Māori te kaha me te mana tōrangapū. Kei ētehi te hiahia kia kotahi te iwi i raro i te Kīngi kotahi.

Nō te tau 1853 ka haerea ai e Mātene Te Whiwhi rāua ko Tāmihana Te Rauparaha te nuku o te whenua o Te Ika-a-Māui, ki te kimi i tētehi rangatira hei Kīngi. Ēngari.  Kāore te nuinga o ngā rangatira i whakaae.

Pōtatau 1858–1860

I te tau 1856, i Pūkawa, i te tahatika o Taupō Moana, ka whakaingoatia te ariki o Waikato, a Pōtatau Te Wherowhero, hei kīngi. I te tīmatatanga, kāore ia i whakaae, ēngari nō muri mai. Nō te tau 1858 i Ngāruawāhia ka whakawahia ia hei Kīngi Māori.

Tāwhiao 1860–1894

Ka mate a Pōtatau i te tau 1860, ā, ko tāna tama, ko Tāwhiao, ka whakawahia hei Kīngi Māori. I te tau 1863 ka taka te riri a te kawanatanga Pākehā ki runga o Waikato. Ka horo a Waikato. Ko ō rātou whenua i murua, ka heke a Tāwhiao me tana iwi ki roto o Te Nehenehenui. Nō te tau 1881 ka hoki rātou ki Waikato. Kīhai i taea e Tāwhiao te whakahoki i ngā whenua i murua.  Nō te 1884 ka haere ia ki Rānana ki te rapu tautoko mai i a Kuīni Wikitōria.

Nā Tāwhiao Te Kauhanganui (te pāremata o Te Kīngitanga) i tū ai, nāna hoki ngā poukai i whakatū (te toro ia tau ki ētehi o ngā marae o Te Kīngitanga).

Mahuta 1894–1912

Ka eke a Mahuta ki te torōna i te tau 1890 i muri mai o te matenga o tana matua, o Tāwhiao. I te tekau tau o te 1890 ka whakamātau Te Kīngitanga ki te haere ngātahi me Te Kotahitanga (te Pāremata Māori). Mai i te tau 1903 ki te tau 1910 ko Mahuta tētehi o te Kaunihera Ture, nā te Pirīmia, nā Richard Seddon i whakarite.

Te Rata 1912–1933, and Te Puea

Ka mate a Mahuta i te tau 1912, ā, ko tāna tama ko Te Rata ka whakawahia hei Kīngi. He māuiui tonu a Te Rata. Nō te tau 1914 ka haere rātou ko tētehi tokotoru ki Ingarangi. Ka tūtaki rāua ko Kīngi Hōri V, ēngari ka kīia mai ko ngā raupatu whenua he take mā te Kāwanatanga o Aotearoa hei whai.

Ka uru te karanga tuahine o Te Rata, a Te Puea Hērangi, hei kaiārahi o Te Kīngitanga. Kāore kau ia i whakaae kia uru te Māori ki roto o Te Pakanga Tuatahi, ka whakapau rā ōna kaha ki te whakatika i te tūāpapa ohaoha mō te iwi, me te whakatū i te Marae o Tūrangawaewae i Ngāruawāhia.

Korokī 1933–1966

Ahakoa te rangamāheuheu ka whakawahia a Korokī hei kīngi i te tau 1933, i muri mai o te matenga tōna matua, o Te Rata. Ka manaakitia e ia ngā manuhiri tūārangi ki Tūrangawaewae tae atu ana ki a Kuīni Irihāpeti II i te tau 1953.

Te Atairangikaahu 1966–2006

Ka mate a Korokī i te tau 1966, ko tana tamāhine, ko Piki, ka whakawahia hei Arikinui Te Ātairangikaahu, te kuīni Māori tuatahi. Ka tohua ia hei Kahurangi i te tau 1970. Ko tētehi o āna tino mahi hei ariki o tana iwi ko te hainatanga o te whakataunga a Waikato-Tainui me Te Karauna o te take raupatu whenua i te tau 1995. Ka mate a Te Ātairangikaahu i te Ākuhata o te tau 2006. Kāore he nōhanga roa ake o tētehi atu o ngā Kīngi ki te torōna Māori.

Tūheitia 2006–

Ko te tama a Te Atairangikahu, ko Tūheitia, ka whakawahia hei kīngi i te tau 2006.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rahui Papa and Paul Meredith, 'Kīngitanga', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/kingitanga (accessed 29 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Rahui Papa and Paul Meredith, i tāngia i te 20 o Hune 2012, i tātarihia i te 2 o Māehe 2023