Kōrero: Te Tiriti o Waitangi

Whārangi 5. Ngā urupare Māori ki te tiriti – 1880 ki te 1900

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te tautohetohe i te tiriti

I āta titiro ngāi Māori ki ngā oati i oatitia ki a rātou i roto i te tiriti kia whakatau i ngā raruraru e puta mai ana i te nōhanga me te rironga o te whenua. Mai i ngā 1870 he maha ngā hui i taupatupatu i ngā take ture me te mana, ngā whenua me ngā mahinga ika. I whakatū a Ngāti Whātua, tētahi iwi nō roto mai o te rohe o Tāmakimakaurau, i ārahina e te rangatira, a Paora Tūhaere, i ngā hui nunui mō tēnei take i te tau 1879 me te tīmatanga o ngā 1880. He wāhi matua te marae o Te Tīi, ki Waitangi hei wānanga i ngā take tiriti.

Kei tēnā, kei tēnā o aua hui i whakaritea ngā rautaki hei puretumu i te kore taurite i waenganui i te mana a te Karauna me ā te Māori, me te whiwhi anō ki te whakahaere o ngā take Māori. I tukuna e ngāi Māori ngā petihana rau mō ngā amuamu e hāngai ana ki te tiriti ki te kāwanatanga, engari he moumou wā.

Te petihana i te Karauna

I ngā tau 1883, 1884, 1914 me 1924 i haere ngā apatono o ngāi Māori ki Ingarangi ki te hari i ngā petihana i raro i te mana o te tiriti ki te kuini, te kīngi rānei o Piritānia me te kāwanatanga. Ka tono ia petihana kia arohia ngā mōtika tiriti. I whakahokia katoatia e te Karauna ki te Pāremata o Aotearoa, i whakahē i tana whati i te tiriti. E kore te Pāremata e tautoko ai i te mana o te tiriti pērā i tērā i whakaarohia e te Māori.

Ngā māngai Māori rō Pāremata

I pōtitia ngā mema Māori tuatahi e whā i te tau 1868. Kāore e taea e rātou te whakaaweawe i roto i te Pāremata i whakatuanuitia e ngā kaitōrangapū tangata whai. I whakauru ngā mema pāremata Māori i ngā pire maha e rapu ana kia whai mana te tiriti me te whiwhi i te whakahaere nui ake mā te Māori i runga i ā rātou take. I whakahēngia ā-pōti ēnei e ērā atu mema pāremata.

Ngā pāremata Māori

I whakatū ngāi Māori i ngā whakanōhanga kē ki te whakanonoi i ō rātou mōtika tiriti. Tērā te pāremata Māori e whakarōpū ana i ngā iwi, ko Te Kotahitanga o te Tiriti o Waitangi, i tū i te tau 1892. Ko te tūmanako o ana kaitautoko mā te reo Māori kotahi e tautokohia ai ngā mema pāremata Māori e te Pāremata i Te Whanganui-a-Tara. Heoi anō, i warea e ngā kaitōrangapū i te pāremata o te Kotahitanga, ā, i oti ngā hui i te tīmatanga o te rautau 20.

I whakatū hoki te Kīngitanga i tētahi pāremata, Te Kauhanganui, i ngā 1880. I kaha ake ana mahi i te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, ā, i tū tonu i roto i te tau 21. I te tau 2008, i waitohu ngā māngai o Te Kauhanganui i te whakaaetanga me te kāwanatanga mō te whakahaerenga ngātahi o te Awa o Waikato.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Claudia Orange, 'Te Tiriti o Waitangi - Ngā urupare Māori ki te tiriti – 1880 ki te 1900', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/te-tiriti-o-waitangi/page-5 (accessed 18 May 2024)

He kōrero nā Claudia Orange, i tāngia i te 20 Jun 2012, reviewed & revised 28 Mar 2023 me te āwhina o Claudia Orange