Kōrero: Ngā taonga puoro

Whārangi 3. Te whānau a Papa – ngā taonga pākuru

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Te whānau Tumutumu

He mea hanga te tumutumu ki te kōhatu, ki te rākau rānei. He mea pākuru te tumutumu ki te kōhatu, ki te rākau anō. Ko te maramara pakohe ka mau ki te kapu o te ringa, kātahi ka tātā kia puta ai ōna momo tangi. Ko te tōkere he maramara rākau, anga rānei ka puritia ki te kapu o te ringa. Nā te mea he iti ētahi pahū, he tohu tērā i whakamahia te pahū i roto i ngā puoro.

Ko te hue puruwai me te hue rarā he taonga puoro whakararā, he kākano, he kirikiri rānei kei roto. He whakapapa maha ō te hue. I takea mai te hue i te whānau a Hinepūtehue, engari he uri hoki ia nō te whānau a Papa.

Te Pākuru

He rākau whakairo roa te pākuru, ka pūhia e te waha kia puta te oro tatangi, ka paopao hoki ki te rākau kia puta hoki tōna oro pā. I te paunga o te rautau 1800 ka tuhi a Tawa ‘he maha ngā kaimahi tohunga e tū ā-kapa ana, ā, e tīemiemi ana i ō rātou tinana me te taki paopao i ngā tātā … Inā te ataahua o tēnei tū.1  Ko te pākuru me te poi ngā taonga puoro ka whakamahia e te tokomaha. 

Te Rōria

He mea hanga te rōria i te aka o te kareao. E 8 ki te 10 henemita te roa. Ko tētahi pito ka mau ki te waha, ka mau ki ngā niho rānei, ā, ka tākirikiri mā ngā mati o te ringa wātea. Pēnā he tohunga te tangata ki te rōria, ka āhei ia te whakakōrero i taua taonga. 

Te Kū

He taonga puoro te kū, kotahi tōna  miro. He mea tātā te kū ki te tira iti, ā, ka whakamahia te waha hei whakaraweke i tōna tangi pērā i te pākuru me te rōria. 

Te whānau o Hineteiwaiwa

Ko Hine-te-iwaiwa te atua o ngā toi wahine pērā i te poi. Ko rātou ko ana tamāhine ērā te tira whakangahau tuatahi. He waiata, he haka, he kanikani te mahi. 

Te Poi

Ko te poi te taonga puoro Māori e rongonui ana tōna takitaki – he mea here ki te poi te aho hei piu, hei oro pātukituki, pākurukuru hoki. Ko te ope wāhine tonu ka kawe i te poi, inā noa atu tōna ataahua. 

Te kaitō mai i te marangai

Nō te tekau tau 1920 ka whakamārama te kaumātua o Ngāti Porou a Tuta Nihoniho mō te whakatangi tūrorohū. Ka whiu te kaiwhakatangi i te kapunga pungarehu ki te tonga (ki te pito marangai) kātahi ka piu haere i te tūrorohū kia puta ai tōna tangi rerehua. I taua wā ka whakapohane ia ki te tonga, ā, ka tuku i tāna karakia hahani. ‘Mā tēnei mahi rerekē…e hua ai he marangai ki te tonga.’2 

Te whānau a Tāwhirimātea

Ko te atua o ngā hau ko Tāwhirimātea. Kāore he tinana o ngā tamariki a Tāwhirimātea, he iwi wairua kē rātou. Ko ēnei momo taonga puoro ka kawe i ngā wawata a te kaiwhakatangi ki ngā hau e whā. 

Ko tā te pūrerehua, te tūrorohū rānei, he tangi wawau ina piua tōna aho. E kī ana ngā kōrero ka āhei tōna karanga te whakaara i te ua, i te roimata me te kai mai i ngā wāhi huna. 

He hanga kōpae te porotiti ka takaamiomio ki runga i tētahi aho. Ina takaamiomio tēnei taonga puoro e mōhiotia ana he kōrorohū. Ina pūhia te porotiti ka kīia he kōrerohua. Ka whakamahia hoki ēnei hei whakaora tūroro.  Ko ōna orooro tōiriiri ka whakawātea i te hūpē mai i ngā pōngāihu o te tamaiti, ka rongoā hoki i te kaikōiwi. 

Kupu tāpiri
  1. Tohutoro Mervyn McLean, Māori music. Tāmakimakaurau: Auckland University Press, 1996, p. 172. Back
  2. Elsdon Best, Games and pastimes of the Māori: an account of various exercises, games and pastimes of the natives of New Zealand, as practised in former times: including some information concerning their vocal and instrumental music. Te Whanganui-a-Tara: Government Printer, 1976 (originally published 1925), p. 294. Back
Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Brian Flintoff, 'Ngā taonga puoro - Te whānau a Papa – ngā taonga pākuru', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/nga-taonga-puoro/page-3 (accessed 30 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Brian Flintoff, i tāngia i te 22 Oct 2014