Whārangi 1: Haurongo
Turikatuku
?–1827
Nō Ngā Puhi; he wahine whai mana
I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Angela Ballara, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 1990. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.
He tamāhine a Turikatuku nā Mutunga II, nō Te Hikutū rāua ko Ngāti Rēhia; hei whanaunga ki a Ngāpuhi. Rere ai ō rātou whenua i Te Puna me Rangihoua i Pēwhairangi (Bay of Islands) ki Whangaroa ki te taha whakararo. He whanaunga ia nō Te Pahi, tētahi o ngā kaiārahi nui o Ngāpuhi. I whānau ia i te whakamutunga o te rau tau mai i te 1700–1799 pea. Kua tata pea ōna tau ki te 20 ka noho ai rāua ko tāna taina ko Tangiwhare, hei wāhine mā Hongi Hika. Ko ia anō te wahine matua. Ko ia anō hoki te whaea o ā rāua tamariki tokorua, ko Hāre Hongi he tāne, ko Rongo he wahine, he mea tapa i muri nei ki te īngoa Karaitiana ki a Hariata. Ko te tāne tuatahi a Rongo ko Hōne Heke, nō muri ka moe i a Ārama Karaka Pī. Ākuanei, he tamāhine anō tā Turikatuku rāua ko Hongi, ko Mātenga; he īngoa anō rānei tēnei nō Rongo.
Tērā atu anō ngā wāhine a Hongi Hika, ēngari ko Turikatuku tāna i tino ngākaunui ai. Ki ngā mea i tūtaki ki a ia, he wahine 'mīharo'; kei ngā kōrero, kāore a Hongi i haere kē, i hou rānei ki te whawhai, me haere rawa a Turikatuku ko ia hoki te kaitohutohu i a Hongi. I kitea e ngā mihingare i te tau 1814, i te kaha o te aroha o Turikatuku ki a Hongi.
Nō te tau 1816, ka tore ngā kanohi o Turikatuku, ka kāpō; ēngari kāore ia i waiho i tēnei mate ōna hei whakapōrearea i a ia. Ahakoa he wahine ia nā te tino rangatira o roto o Pēwhairangi, ka whakauru tonu ia ki ngā ohu mahi kai. I te tau 1819, ka kite a Te Mātenga (Samuel Marsden), he minita nō Poihākena (Sydney), i a Turikatuku e ngaki ana i ngā māra kai a Hongi i Te Puna. Kātahi ka whakawhiti taonga a Te Mātenga rāua ko Turikatukuku: ka riro i a Turikatuku he hetiheti rino, ka hoatu ki a Te Mātenga te kō ngaki māra a Turikatuku. He mea tuku taua kō ki te Rōpū Hāhi Mihingare (Church Missionary Society) i Rānana (London).
Nō te tau 1819, ka tae mai te kōrero ki a Hongi rāua ko Turikatuku, i raweketia e ngā iwi o Whangaroa, ngā kōiwi o Mutunga, te pāpā o Turikatuku. Kātahi ka rewa te ope kawe riri ki te iwi i whakapaetia rā. Kāore i whakaekea e Hongi te pā. Ka puhipuhia ngā pū ka mate ngā tāngata tokorima, tokoono rānei; kātahi ka houhia te rongo. I piri tonu a Turikatuku ki a Hongi i ana haere nui e toru, ki te whawhai ki ngā iwi o Hauraki, o Waikato me Ngā Kurī-a-Whārei ki Tihirau (Bay of Plenty) i ngā tau 1821 ki 1823. I Hauraki, ko te takunetanga o te unumanga o Ngāpuhi, he tikanga nā Turikatuku hei tinihanga i a Ngāti Maru kia pōhēhē ai kei te pai tā rātou noho. E toru rā i muri mai, ka hoki atu a Ngāpuhi, kātahi ka huakina a Ngāti Maru i Te Tōtara pā. Kei ngā kōrero a Wiremu Te Wheoro, nā Turikatuku a Toha, arā a Matire Toha, i ārahi ki Waikato hei wahine mā Kati, te whanaunga o Te Wherowhero. He tamāhine a Toha nā Rewa o Ngāpuhi. Ko tēnei whakahononga i te tau 1823, he hohou rongo i muri mai i te matenga o Waikato i Mātakitaki, i te marama o Mei 1822.
He mea kōrero nā Pākira, o Ngāti Rēhia, ki te mihingare, ki a Hōri Karaka (George Clarke), te tūranga o Turikatuku i roto i ngā whawhai ki a Ngāti Whātua i te tau 1825. I rewa te ope taua rā i Kerikeri, i te ata o te 20 o Pēpuere 1825. Kotahi marama e whai haere ana i te tai rāwhiti ka tae ki Mangawhai i te taha tonga o Bream Bay. Kātahi ka haere mā uta ki Te Ika-ā-ranganui, ka pā ki te hoariri i te hononga o ngā awa o Kaiwaka rāua ko Waimako. Kua eke ki te wā e tīmata ai te riri, ka whai kupu a Hongi ki tōna iwi, ka whakamārama ki te huarahi hei rerenga mō Turikatuku rātou ko ngā wāhine me ngā tamariki mō te tūpono aituā ia, a Ngāpuhi katoa rānei. Ka pau ngā rā e toru e noho ana, kātahi ka piki rātou ki tētahi puke noho ai. Ka whakaritengia rātou, ā, ka tāuwhiuwhia ngā toa ki te wai e te tohunga. E haere ana ngā mahi whakatapu, ka whakatata mai a Ngāti Whātua; e 300 iāri te tawhiti atu. Ka kōrero a Turikatuku ki tōna iwi, ki a Ngāpuhi; i whakaūngia rātou kia manawanui, me te kī atu mā tō rātou toa ki te riri, kātahi anō ka hoki ki ō rātou hūnuku i te kāinga. Ka whakamahara ake ia, ki te hinga rātou, ko te pau katoa rātou hei kai, ka waihotia rānei hei pononga mā Ngāti Whātua mō āke tonu atu.
Ka mutu ngā kōrero, ka pakū ngā pū; ka taotū a Wharepoaka o Rangihoua, ka āhua hoki whakamuri a Ngāpuhi. E toru rā e whakaora waka ana, he mea tahu, wāwāhi rānei e Ngāti Whātua, kātahi ka kaha rawa atu te haere o te whawhai. I āta hoki whakamuri mai rānei a Te Whareumu o Kororāreka (Russell) he mea āki mai rānei; i a ia te wāhanga nui o te ope taua e ārahi ana. Kātahi ka kōkiri a Hongi me tōna wāhanga, ka pā ki te matua o Ngāti Whātua. Nō konei te hinganga o Hāre Hongi, te tama a Hongi rāua ko Turikatuku. Ēngari i horo a Ngāti Whātua. Nā te kaha whakatakariri o Hongi i te matenga o tāna tama, ka whakahaungia kia patua katoatia ngā herehere.
Nō te tau 1826, i runga i ā rātou raruraru ki ā rātou anō, ka whakaaro a Hongi ki te kawe riri ki a Ngāti Uru rāua ko Ngāti Pou o Whangaroa, hāunga te patu i a rātou mō ā rātou mahi tūkino i te Pākehā, ēngari ko te apo whenua anō mō tōna iwi. Ahakoa te māuiui o Turikatuku, ka tohe a Hongi Hika ki te hari i a ia i te rewanga o te ope taua i Tīhema o 1826. Nō te taenga ki Whangaroa i Hānuere o 1827, kua rere ētahi ō ngā kaihautū o Ngāti Uru. Ka tahuri a Hongi ki te whakatahi i ngā mahuetanga o Ngāti Uru, me Ngāti Pou hoki. E rere ana ki te whai, ka tū te matā ki te tōna uma. Hoki rawa ake ki Whangaroa i muri mai, kua mate kē a Turikatuku. Ka tanumia ki Whangaroa, kātahi ka waihotia ētahi o tōna iwi hei tiaki i te urupā. Ko te hiahia o Hongi he whakahoki i ngā kōiwi o Turikatuku ki Waimate āta tanu ai. Mate rawa ake ia i Maehe 1828, kāore i mōhiotia, āe rānei i tutuki ōna hiahia, pēhea rānei.