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Kōrero: Reedy, Hānara Tangiāwhā Te Ōhākī

Whārangi 1: Haurongo

Reedy, Hānara Tangiāwhā Te Ōhakī

1903–1971

Nō Ngāti Porou; he kaingārahu, he tangata ahu whenua, he hōia

I tuhia tēnei haurongo e Maraki Tautuhi Orongo Reedy rāua ko Miria Hine Tapu Te Ariki Walker, ā, i tāngia tuatahitia ki Ngā Tāngata Taumata Rau i te 2000. He mea whakamāori nā Ngā Tangata Taumata Rau.

Nō te 16 o Ākuhata o te tau 1903 i whānau ai a Hānara Tangiāwhā Te Ōhākī Reedy – i mōhio whānuitia ko Arnold Reedy – i te kāinga momoe ake nei o Whareponga i te taha moana i Te Tai Rāwhiti o Te Ika-a-Māui. Ko te mātāmua a Hānara o ngā tamariki tekau a te wahine ariki nei o Ngāti Porou, a Materoa Ngārimu, rāua ko tana tāne, ko John Marshall Reedy. Nā te mea he wahine whai mana a Materoa, ka tae nei ki ngā hui whakahaere kawa a Ngāti Porou, riro tonu ana ko ia hei kaiwhaikōrero i te marae, i te nuinga o te wā he mahi kē tēnei i waitohua kētia mā te tāne. Ko te tama mātāmua a John Reedy a Thomas Tyne Reedy, he tangata Airihi, i tae ake nei ki Ruatōria (ko Rua-a-Tōrea te īngoa o mua) noho ai, moe ake ai i a Mihi Takawhenua Ngāwiki Tūhou. Ko Te Aitanga-a-Mate, ko Te Whānau-a-Rākairoa me Te Aowera ngā hapū o Hānara. Nō te Hāhi Mihingare ia; ā mate noa i tino mau haere tonu i a ia tana whakapono.

He tangata tino mātau nei te āhua o Hānara, ā, he hinengaro koi, hinengaro patapatai tonu nei tōna. I kuraina ia ki te kura tuatahi o Whareponga, ā, i oti atu tana kura tuarua i ngā kura o Ahuriri (Napier Boys’ High School) me Tūranga (Gisborne High School). Hoi anō, i tīmata tana mahi i Hiruhārama mā tana pāpā, he tangata kaikaha nei ki te pāmu. I tua atu i tēnā he kaiwhiwhi, kaitereina toa hoki tana pāpā i tēnei mea, i te hōiho rērehi horomata nei. I te hui tuku tuatahi i te kapu kōura a Te Whēkihana (Fergusson Gold Cup) i te papa rēhi hōiho i Mākaraka i Tūranga, i whakahaua a Hānara kia tū ki te whaikōrero i tana whaikōrero tuatahi rā i te aroaro o te tangata.

I a ia e tipu ake ana, e hia kē nei ngā hāora kairangi i pau i a ia i raro i te maru pākaha o ōna kaumātua ā-iwi, e ako ana i a ia ki ngā tikanga me ngā kōrero tuku iho a te iwi Māori me wā Ngāti Porou hoki. He tangata tino mōhio a Hānara ki te whakapapa, taea noatia e ia te taki mai ngā tātai o ngā whānau tini, mai i ngā tūpuna ngātahi nei o te hekenga mai i Hawaiki. E ai hoki ki te whakaaro, he tohunga a ia ki ngā mahi waiata, ki ngā mōteatea, ka rawe kē nei ki a ia te tino rangatira o te āhua o ngā whakaaturanga me te tino tōtika o te whakatakoto mai i ngā kōrero o te pānui nei. Kai te maumahara tonutia te hira kē nei o ētahi o ana waiata me ana haka, arā, a ‘Taumarumaru’ me ‘Pohiritia e te Tairāwhiti’, e mau tonu nei te kaha o te waiata me te haka a te tangata.

Nō te 23 o Tīhema o te tau 1926 i moea e Hānara a Ruby Tuakana White i Hiruhārama, ko ōna hapū nei ko Te Whānau-a-Ruataupare me Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti. Hui katoa tekau wā rāua tamariki: tokoono ngā tamāhine, tokowhā ngā tama. I te wā o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao rāua ngātahi ko tana kaihana, ko Te Moananui-a-Kiwa (Moana) Ngārimu i roto i te Ope Taua 28 (Māori) o Aotearoa (28th New Zealand (Māori) Battalion), he kāpene nei te tūranga o Hānara. Nō te marama o Mei o te tau 1941 i mau ai a Hānara i Kariti (Crete), e whā tau kē nei ia e mau herehere ā-pakanga ana. I tēnei wā i rongo a ia i te hinga kōkiritanga o Moana, me te hinga anō hoki o tōna kōkā, i aituā nei i te motokā. te pakanga i hoki atu ai a Hānara ki Hiruhārama pāmu ai. Nā tana kaha ki te waha i ngā take Māori i titiro atu ai a Ngāti Porou ki a ia hai kaiārahi mō rātau. He hinengaro tū tahito tō Hānara, piri kau tonu ki ngā tikanga tuku iho. He pērā tonu tōna whakaaro i tō Apirana Ngata, me whiwhi te tangata i ngā pūmanawa o te Pākehā, kātahi ka whakamahi hai painga mō tana iwi, hai whakaara i te taha tupu, i te oranga whai hua, me te taha ki ngā tikanga.

Kāore i roa tōna pānga nei ki te Rōpū Reipa o Aotearoa, ā, kore rawa i mahue te kite mai a te Pirimia, a Pita Pereiha (Peter Fraser) i ōna kaha, tae atu ki te ngākau wehe kē o tōna āhua. Whāia rā, nō te tau 1947 i whakatūria ai a Hānara ki ētahi kōmihana a te Karauna, tirotiro ai i ngā mamae whakamau whenua a te Māori. Ko te take nui rawa ko ngā whakaritenga mō ngā whenua i kitea nei nō mua atu i te tau 1840 he mea hoko tahae kē mai. Ko ētahi anō o ērā whenua tūwhene nō muri i hokona atu anō e te Karauna, ā, riro ana mā te kōmihana e whakatau te kāpeneheihana hai utu ki te hunga taketake nō rātau te whenua. Tūtohua ana e te tiamana, e Tā Michael Myers, te utu kia £15,000 te nui; noho kē ana te whakarite a Hānara me te mema tuatoru atu e £61,307 kē te utu. Nā te kore i whakaae a te kāwanatanga ki te utu nei, i rīhaina ai a Hānara i te Rōpū Reipa. Kāti, nō te tau 1953 te whakaaetanga a te kāwanatanga ki te mea nui o ngā utu rā, ka utua nei aua moni ki te Poari Kaitiaki Māori o Tainui (Tainui Māori Trust Board), ki te Poari Kaitiaki o Te Whakatōhea (Whakatōhea Trust Board), me te mahi whakatū anō hoki i te Poari Kaitiaki Māori o Te Tai Tokerau (Taitokerau Māori Trust Board).

Ko te tino tākaro a Hānara ko te whutupaoro. Ruarua nei ngā tau e tū ana ia hai tiamana mō te uniana whutupaoro o Te Tai Rāwhiti (East Coast Rugby Union), ā, hai māngai anō ia ki te Kotahitanga Whakahaere o ngā Mahi Whutupaoro Rakapī o Niu Tīreni (New Zealand Rugby Football Union). Atu i te tau 1949 ki 1951 i tū a ia hai mema mō te poari tohutohu Māori o te Kotahitanga Whakahaere (NZRFU), ā, i te tau 1952 i meinga rāua tahi ko Ralph Love hai kaiwhakahaere mō te tīma Māori o Aotearoa e huri whakataetae haere ana i Aotearoa. I āwhina anō hoki a ia ki te whakahaere i te tākaro i waenganui i te tīma Māori me tētahi tīma o Aotearoa nei, hai whakanui i te Kāwana Tianara, i a Rōre Freyburg; nō te marama o Hūrae o te tau 1952 i tū ai te whakataetae nei i Pōneke (Wellington). Nā te whaikōrerotanga a Hānara i ngā kanohi o te kaunihera o te Kotahitanga Whakahaere i te tau 1952, te take i whakaurua atu he kanohi Māori ki runga i taua rōpū, ahakoa te whakahau a ngā uniana i ō rātau māngai kia kaua rawa e whakaaetia te take nei. He mea whakapeka e Hānara te tūnga nei, kia riro kē nei i tana tino hoa, i a Ralph Love.

Hai mema anō hoki a Hānara mō te rōpū māngai o Aotearoa i whakawhiti atu rā ki te Pāremata o te Kotahitanga o ngā Iwi o te Ao Whānui (United Nations General Assembly) i New York i te tau 1949. Kāore i pahure i a ia tana whakataetaetanga i te tūranga tōrangapū mō te tūru Māori o Te Tai Rāwhiti, i tū nei ia i raro i te maru o te rīki tōrangapū mō te moni nama mō te katoa o Niu Tīreni (New Zealand Social Credit Political League) i te tau 1957 me te tau 1960. Koirā anō te mutunga mai, ka whakataetaetia e ia te rohe nei i raro i te pūeru o te Rōpū Nāhinara o Niu Tīreni i ngā tau 1963, 1966 me 1967. Atu i te tau 1956 ki 1970 i noho tiamana ia mō te rōpū whakahaere ā-iwi o Horouta (Horouta Tribal Executive), mema hoki mō te Kaunihera Māori o Niu Tīreni (New Zealand Māori Council), me te Kaunihera Māori anō hoki o te Takiwā o Te Tai Rāwhiti (Tairāwhiti District Māori Council). I te tau 1953 me 1963 i whai wāhi atu anō ia ki te whakarite i ngā whakahaere a te taha Māori mō te haerenga mai ki Aotearoa nei o Kuini Erihāpeti Te Tuarua.

I ngā tau whakamutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1960 i tino raruraru Te Tai Rāwhiti i te horohoro haere o te whenua. Ahakoa tana whakaae mā te rumaki rākau pea ka tika ai, i kōrapa tonu tōna ngākau mā tērā pea e riro katoa ngā whenua pai, whenua tāmata i te whakatipu rākau. Whakatūria ana hoki a ia hai mema mō te komiti whakahaere mō te ono rākau o Te Whanga-o-keno (East Cape Forestry Steering Committee), ka riro nei nāna i waihanga mai te ‘Rārangi Kikorangi’ (‘Blue Line’). Ko te take he pēnei te karanga, he mea whakakikorangi te whakaatu mai i ngā mapi, he tautiaki kē nei tōna tikanga i ngā whenua tāmata, noho kē mai ana te mahi rumaki rākau i runga i ērā atu tū momo whenua i tohua ki te rārangi kikorangi.

He wahapū, matatau nōna, ki te reo Pākehā me te reo Māori, i waitohua ko ia tētahi o ngā tino tohunga, maruwehi kē nei ia o tōna wā ki te whaikōrero. Whāia ka tonoa mai ia kia kōrero i ngā hui puta noa i te motu. Tonoa ana a Hānara e Kīngi Korokī māna e pōwhiri te Kāwana Tianara, a Tā Pereata Whēkihana (Bernard Fergusson) rāua ko tana wahine, i tae ake nei rāua ki Ngāruawāhia i te tau 1962. I te marama o Hūrae i te tau 1968 he mea karanga anō hoki a ia e te Hāhi Ringatū hai kaikōrero mō te hui whakanui i tō rātau rau tau. I te tau 1969, i runga i te pōti whakaaro tahi a te Kaunihera Māori o te Takiwā o Te Tai Rāwhiti, i meingia ko ia hai kaikōrero mō te iwi Māori i te hui kātipa i Tūranga, hai whakanui ake i ngā rua rau tau o te taenga mai o Kāpene Kuki (James Cook).

Otirā ka whakamutumutu haere nei ōna tāu, kāore he mahi rawe atu ki a ia i kō atu i tana tuku atu nei i ana mōhio ki a rātau mā e manawanui ana ki te tū hai kaihautū mō Ngāti Porou. Ko ētahi o te hunga māitiiti nei ko Te Kapunga (Koro) Dewes, ko Apirana Mahuika me te irāmutu a Hānara, me Tāmati Reedy.

Nō te tau 1969 i ūhia a Hānara ki te tohu whakahōnore OBE mō ngā tino mahi āna mā tana hapori, mā Ngāti Porou me te iwi Māori hoki. E hia kē nei tana roa e pāngia ana e te mate ka hinga nei ia ki Tūranga i te 8 o Āperira i te tau 1971. Mahue mai ana ko tana wahine me wā rāua tamariki. He mea whakahoki atu a ia ki te kāinga i Hiruhārama, ki te urupā o te whānau, ki Tūrangarāhui, tāpukena ai i te upane whakapūangiangi, e whakakaurera atu rā ki ngā raorao, he mea pāmu rā e tōna whānau.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Maraki Tautuhi Orongo Reedy and Miria Hine Tapu Te Ariki Walker. 'Reedy, Hānara Tangiāwhā Te Ōhākī - Reedy, Hānara Tangiāwhā Te Ōhakī', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 2000. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/5r10/reedy-hanara-tangiawha-te-ohaki (accessed 28 March 2024)