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Pinepine Te Rika

by Pou Temara

Biography

Nō te takiwā pea o te tau 1857, 1858 rānei i whānau ai a Pinepine Te Rika ki Rāhitiroa, he oinga kōtore nō Ngāti Kurī. Kei te taha rāwhiti o Te Waiiti tēnei kāinga, kei te rohe o Te Moana-a-Toi (Bay of Plenty). Ko tōna pāpā ko Te Rika Te Wheura (ko Te Mīkaera Te Rika, ko Te Wharenui ētahi anō o ōna īngoa), he rangatira nō ōna hapū o Ngāti Kurī o Ruatāhuna me Tamakaimoana o Maungapōhatu. Nō Tūhoe ēnei hapū. He toa mau pū a Te Rika i te pakanga a Te Kooti Arikirangi i roto i Te Urewera i ngā tau 1868 atu ki 1872. Ko te whaea o Pinepine ko Tuhiwai Tāheke o Ngāti Raka, he hapū ki te taha whakararo o te awaawa o Te Waimana. Tokotoru ngā tungāne o Pinepine: ko Pari Te Āhuru, ko Te Kahuōrangi (nō muri i karangatia a ia ko Pita Te Tāite), ko Te Kaawa. He hāmua rānei, he taina rānei anō tōna, ko Kumeroa te īngoa. I puta te rongo o Pari Te Āhuru rāua ko Pita Te Tāite i ngā mahi a te Hāhi Iharaira o Rua Kēnana, i whānau mai rā i te Hāhi Ringatū i te tīmatanga o te rua tekau o ngā rau tau. Ko rāua ētahi o ngā kaihautū Rīwaiti o taua Hāhi. Nā ōna mātua ka whai pānga nui a Pinepine ki ngā whenua o Ruatāhuna, o Maungapōhatu me Te Waimana.

Nō muri tata mai i te hemonga o te pakanga ki Te Urewera, ka takina e Te Rika tētahi wāhanga o Ngāti Kurī ki Uwhiārae i Ruatāhuna, ki reira pūwhenua ai. I konei ka riro te ngākau o te kōhine rā i te Hāhi Ringātu, e puhake rā i te rohe o Tūhoe i taua wā. Nō konei anō hoki i whakapākūhātia ai ki a Rua Kēnana o Tamakaimoana, ā, nō te tekau tau atu i 1880 ka moe rāua. Kātahi ka paowe haere i ngā rohe o Te Tai Rāwhiti me Te Moana-a-Toi. He wā poto ki tēnā wāhi, he wā poto ki tēnā, ahu ai i te whenua. Koinei hoki ngā mahi i pahure i a Rua. Ka karioi rawa atu ki Maungapōhatu. Ko te kī, kāore i ārikarika tō rāua pā harakeke – 17 rawa ngā hua.

Nō te tau 1904, i a ia e ahu whenua ana i Te Waimana, ka pā te reo o te Atua ki a Rua. Ka waiho ake te kō, ka mau ki te tokotoko tapu a te poropiti. Ka pā anō te reo whakahau o te Atua, ka piki a Rua rāua ko Pinepine ki Maungapōhatu, te toka tapu o Tūhoe. I reira ka tūtaki ki a Whaitiri, he tipuna wahine nō te tātai atua o Tūhoe. Nāna i ārahi te tokorua nei ki te tihi o Maungapōhatu. Nō reira, ka tūtaki ki a te Karaiti, ka ārahina e tērā ki te repo o taua maunga. I reira anō ka whakakitea a Rua ki te taimana i hunaia ai e Te Kooti i mua rawa atu. Nā tēnei whakakitenga ka tau te kākahu o Te Kooti ki runga ki a Rua. Ka tīkina e Rua a Pinepine kia kite i taua taimana e takoto rā i raro i te kahu o te repo. Ko te kōrero, ko Pinepine te wahine tuatahi ki te kake i Maungapōhatu. Ka tāpiritia ki tōna kitenga i te taimana a Te Kooti, ka tau te tapu hei korowai mōna. Heoi tā te Rua i whakapono ai.

Ka piki te rongo poropiti o Rua, ka tohua ko Maungapōhatu te Hiruhārama hou. Papā ana te huarahi ki Maungapōhatu i te tini i rongo i te karanga i te tau 1907. Tērā anō te hunga i ngākau rua. Kātahi ka whakaaritia e Rua te waipuke me te rū whenua ki te taha moana o Te Moana-a-Toi, ina tata i whai ai. Tinitini ana te tangata ki Maungapōhatu i te tau 1908. I Āperira o taua tau, i runga anō pea i ngā kupu karaipiture, kua tokoono rawa ngā wāhine a Rua i tua atu i a Pinepine. Nō ngā hapū o Tūhoe rāua ko Ngāti Awa aua wāhine. Otirā, he āta mahi tēnei nā Rua, ā, ko te hua o te maha o ngā wāhine, ko te kotahitanga o tōna iwi. Noho tonu a Pinepine hei wahine matua i runga i tōna tapu. Ko ia hoki te whakawhirinakitanga a Rua mō te taha wairua o Maungapōhatu.

Nā tōna tapu ka hangaia he whare mō Pinepine ki tētahi pā i motuhake te whakatapua. Arā a Rua e noho mai rā me ētahi o ana wāhine i tōna whare, ko Hiruharāma Hou te īngoa. Nō te karaipiture anō te tauira i wehea ai a Pinepine. Arā rā hoki te wahine a Horomona (Solomon), te tamāhine a Pārao (Pharoah) i wehea rā. Kāore e āhei te tangata noa ki te toro i te whare o Pinepine; me mātua rawa te whakaū i te kawa tāuwhi ki te wai. I mua i te tomokanga ki tōna whare me wewete rawa ngā kākahu o waho, ka waiho ai ki te kūaha. Ka oti tērā kua tāuwhi ki te wai kia kore ai e mate te mauri o te tapu o Pinepine, ā, kia kore ai hoki e pā te tapu o Pinepine ki te hunga e haere atu ana ki te torotoro i a ia. Hei te mawehenga atu kua tāuwhitia anō ngā kākahu me te tinana.

Nā tōna tapu kāore e āhei te pānga o te kai, ki te taka kai rānei, ki te whakatata atu rānei ki ngā hereimu. Nā tōna hoa piripono, nā Marumaru tēnei mahi. Ko ia te kaiwhāngai i a Pinepine. He pūrau te tikanga whāngai i a Pinepine, pērā i ngā tohunga tapu o mua atu. Hei tohu i te nui o tōna tapu, ka riro ko ia hei kaitiaki mō te kawenata tapu, he paipera nui i kākahutia ki ngā whakairo whakapaipai. He takoha tēnei paipera nui nā Tūhourangi o Te Arawa ki a Rua. He mea āta hanga he whare puaroa mō taua paipera i roto i te pā tapu i te taha tonu o te whare o Pinepine. Ko ia anake ka āhei ki te kuhu atu ki te whare puaroa o te kawenata. Nō te otinga o Tānenui-a-rangi, te whare nui o te iwi, i te tau 1914 kore rawa ia e āhei ki te kuhu atu ki reira. He wā anō i ngā pō, kua kitea atu te kanohi e whātaretare mai ana i ngā matapihi i te kopa tuarongo o te whare.

Nō te 2 o Āperira i te tau 1916 tū ana te ope pirihimana nui ki Maungapōhatu ki te hopu i a Rua mō ngā whakapae kua roa e pakangatia ana e te ture. Ko te Kōmihana o ngā Pirihimana, ko Hōne Kāne (John Cullen) te kaiārahi atu. I aha rā, ka ōrua te pakū o te pū, ka ohorere te iwi e noho rā i te noho ā-rongo i te marae. I roto i ngā ohoreretanga, ka nōnoke, ka pakū anō ngā pū a tētahi taha ki tētahi, a tētahi ki tētahi. Tau rawa ake te puehu, e tīraha ana te ika huirua o Maungapōhatu. Ko Te Māipi Te Whiu tētahi, ko Toko tētahi, ko te tuarua o ngā tama a Pinepine. I mate tahi rāua ki te rohe o te pā tapu o Pinepine. I kite hoki a Pinepine i tō rāua hinganga, ka rere atu ki te āwhina i tana tama, ā, ka hoki anō ki te maru o tōna whare. Ākuanei i te wā o te riri ka mau ki te kawenata tapu, ka riakina hei wawao i te riri.

He mea waiho e ngā pirihimana ngā tūpāpaku o Te Māipi rāua ko Toko ki roto i te whare kawenata mō tētahi wā, kātahi ka tāpuketia. Ko te mātāmua a Pinepine, ko Whatu, ko Rua rātau ko tētahi tokowhā, i heria ki Mautini (Mount Eden) whakarau ai. I roto i te rua tau e ngaro atu ana a Rua, noho tonu a Pinepine i Maungapōhatu, ā, kia tae tonu ki ngā whakawākanga o tana tāne rāua ko te tama kātahi anō ka mahue a Maungapōhatu. Uaua ana hoki ēnei haerenga ōna ki Ākarana (Auckland) i te mea nā ngā pirihimana i whānako āna moni i penapena ai, i a rātau e haha ana i tōna whare i muri tonu mai o te riri. I te wā e ngaro ana a Rua ko āna Rīwaiti ngā kaipupuri i te mauri wairua o Maungapōhatu. Otirā, nā te ngaro atu o Rua kāore i taea e te taha wairua anake te pupuri te kotahitanga o te iwi. Nō Āperira o te tau 1918 ka puta a Rua i Mautini. Hoki rawa atu ki Maungapōhatu, kua kore kē te tokomaha o te tangata. Kua pū hoki te rongopai hou a te Hāhi Perehipitīriana i raro i te minita rā, i a Hoani Rōtene (John Laughton), hei whakawai i ngā mōrehu o te Hāhi Iharaira. Whakatika atu a Rua, ka tukuna ko ngā tamariki ki tērā o ngā hāhi, ka puritia ko ngā pakeke me ngā kaumātua ki te Hāhi Iharaira. Nō Hūrae ka tuwhera te kura a Rōtene ki Maungapōhatu. Ko ngā tamariki paku a Pinepine ētahi o ngā ākonga tuatahi.

Ka hūnuku a Rua rātau ko tōna whānau tata ki Māai kia tawhiti atu i te pā tapu kua noa nei i te maringitanga o te toto. Hāunga a Pinepine, ko ia i te kāinga matua e noho tonu ana. Hangaia rawatia he whare hou mōna, arā a Rua me ana wāhine kei tō rātau whare e noho mai ana. Mau tonu hoki te kākahu tapu o Pinepine. Nō te tau 1919 i muri mai o te urutā rewharewha, ka hūnuku a Rua rātau ko ana wāhine ki Te Waimana, noho ai. Ka noho tēnei hei tikanga māna: i ngā takurua kua hūnuku ki Te Waimana, ki Matahī rānei; hei te painga ake o te rangi kua hoki ki Maungapōhatu. Ko te whakapae i mau tonu a Pinepine ki Maungapōhatu i ēnei hūnukutanga, ā, kia āuriuria rawatia e Rua kātahi anō ka wātea ki ngā mahi hanga noa. Ēngari, nā tōna roa e noho wehe ana kua kore e aro te tunu kai māna, pakapaka iho ana kai i te ahi. Ahakoa he aha te mahi, uaua ana ki a Pinepine, mei kore ake tōna hoa a Marumaru. He wā roa e noho ana, kātahi ka neke ki Matahī ki te kāinga kua pū te noho a te Rua.

Nō te tau 1936 ka mate hauaiti tana tama a Whatu, i a ia e kutikuti hipi ana i Tūranga (Gisborne). Nō te tau o muri mai ka mate ko Rua, ka tanumia ki te toma i te taha o tōna whare i Tuapou, i Matahī. Ka noho pouaru a Pinepine ki reira, ā mate noa i te 9 o Ākuhata i te tau 1954. E 96 ōna tau. Nō te 12 o taua marama ka tanumia ki Matahī.


He whakaaturanga anō

Rārangi pukapuka

    Binney, J. et al. Mihaia. Wellington, 1979

    Sissons, J. Te Waimana. Dunedin, 1991

    Webster, P. Rua and the Maori millennium. Wellington, 1979


Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Pou Temara. 'Pinepine Te Rika', Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, first published in 1996. Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, https://teara.govt.nz/mi/biographies/3p27/pinepine-te-rika (accessed 29 April 2024)