Kōrero: Ngāi Tūhoe

Ko Te Urewera te kāinga, te toi whenua o Ngāi Tūhoe. Ka moe a Te Maunga i a Hine-pūkohu-rangi, ka puta a Pōtiki, he tipuna nui o te iwi. Ko Maungapōhatu te maunga tapu o te iwi. Ko Waikaremoana te wai kaukau a ngā tīpuna. Ko Tauranga, Ōhinemataroa, Rangitāiki, Whirinaki ngā awa. Ko Ngāi Tūhoe te iwi.

He kōrero nā Rangi McGarvey
Te āhua nui: Maungapōhatu, Urewera

He korero whakarapopoto

Ngā whakaahua me ngā rauemi katoa o tēnei kōrero

Ngā pūtake

I te taenga o Mataatua ki Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi, e toru ngā tōpūtanga iwi i te rohe - ko Ngā Pōtiki, ko Te Tini o Toi, ko Te Hapū-oneone. I te wehenga o Mataatua ki Te Tai Tokerau, ka noho a Toroa rātou ko tōna whānau ki Te Moana-a-Toi. Ka moemoe rātou ki ngā iwi tōmua, ka puta te iwi ka mōhiotia i ēnei rā, ko Ngāi Tūhoe.

Te ingoa o te iwi

Ko Tūhoe-pōtiki (ko Tūhoe rānei) te tipuna nui o te iwi. He mokopuna tōna matua a Tamatea-ki-te-huatahi nā Toroa. Ka rīriri a Tūhoe rāua ko tōna tuakana mō ō rāua mahinga kai. I te mutunga, ka pakanga rāua, ka toa ko Tūhoe. Nāwai ā, ka haere a Tūhoe ki te uru, ki Kāwhia noho ai, ā, mate rawa. Ka noho mai ōna uri ki te pupuri i ngā whenua.

Te rohe o Te Urewera

He pukepuke, he poupou, he ngāherehere te rohe o Ngāi Tūhoe. Ka rere ōna awa ki te raki. Kāore e tino nui ngā wāhi pai hei whakatipu kai, hei whāngai kararehe. Mai anō i ngā rā ki mua rawa, tatū rawa ki te paunga o te rau tau 1800, noho ai a Ngāi Tūhoe ki te ngahere. Koinei te kāinga tūturu o Ngāi Tuhoe, tōna pātaka kai, tōna whakamarumaru. I ngā wā o te riri, ko Te Urewera tōna whakaruruhau. Ka huri haere te iwi i te wao ki tēnā mahinga kai, ki tēnā mahinga kai. Ko Maungapōhatu te maunga tapu o te iwi; ko Waikaremoana te wai kaukau a ngā mātua, tīpuna.

Ngā pakanga 1864 ki 1872

Nā te noho motuhake, tawhiti o Tūhoe i ētahi atu iwi, kīhai i nui āna tūtakitanga ki te Pākehā. Heoi, nā ngā tauhokohoko ki ētahi atu iwi ka taea tonu e Ngāi Tūhoe ngā rawa a te Pākehā, pēnei i te pū, te paura, te kararehe me te kākano. Ko te tuatahi o ngā tūtakitanga nui a Ngāi Tūhoe me te Pākehā i ngā riri o te tekau tau atu i 1860. I 1864 ka pakanga a Tūhoe ki ngā hōia o te Karauna i Ōrākau. I whakapaetia rātou mō te patunga o tētahi mihinare. He mate nui ka pā ki te iwi i tēnei whakapae, inarā, ka haere mai te kāwanatanga, ka raupatuhia ngā whenua papai rawa atu. Nō muri iho, ka whakaekea a Te Urewera e ngā hōia a te kāwanatanga e rapu ana i a Te Kooti Arikirangi, he poropiti, he ngārahu, he toa nō Te Tai Rāwhiti.

Te ātete

Nō te tau 1868, ka rere mai Te Kooti i Wharekauri, ka tau ki Tūranga-nui-a-Kiwa, ka tuki ki ngā hōia, ngā tāngata whai, ngā Māori. Ka manaakitia, ka tautokohia a ia e Ngāi Tūhoe i te wā o te whai a ngā hōia i a ia i Te Urewera. Hei utu mō te manaaki a te iwi i a Te Kooti, ka pāhuatia ō rātou kāinga, ō rātou mahinga kai, ka kōhuruhia ngā tāngata. I taututea ngā mōrehu ki waho o Te Urewera, ki ngā puninga mauhere a te kāwanatanga. I te mutunga o ngā pakanga, kāore a Ngāi Tūhoe i hiahia ki te Pākehā me āna tikanga. Ka katia e te iwi ngā huarahi kuhu atu ki Te Urewera, ka whakakāhorehia te hoko, te rīhi, te rūri, te hanga rori.

Te hāhi Ringatū

Nā Te Kooti Arikirangi te Hāhi Ringatū i waihanga. Koinei te hāhi nui ki a Ngāi Tūhoe. I te wā o tana mauheretanga i Wharekauri, ka tau mai he anahera tapu ki a Te Kooti, me tana tono i a Te Kooti kia arahina tōna iwi kia puta i te mauheretanga. Tangohia ai ngā tohutohu a te hāhi i ngā karaipiture o te Paipera Tapu me ngā kupu whakaari a Te Kooti. I te tīmatanga o te rau tau 1900 ka ara mai a Rua Kēnana me tana kī, koia te tangata hei whakakī i te tūranga o Te Kooti hei poropiti mō te iwi. Ka tū tōna pokapū ki Maungapōhatu. Ka haere ngā iwi o Ngāi Tūhoe, o Te Whakatōhea o Ngāti Awa ki a ia. Kāore te kāwanatanga i whakaae ki a Rua me āna mahi. Nō te tau 1916 ka whakaekea a Maungapōhatu e te ope pirihimana, ka mauheretia a Rua, ka whakamatea ētahi o ngā tāngata.

Tūhoe i ēnei rā

Ia rua tau ka whakakotahi ngā uri o Ngāi Tūhoe ki Te Hui Ahurei o Tūhoe. Ko te nuinga o te taupori o Ngāi Tūhoe kei ngā tāone e noho ana. Ko tētahi mahi nui mā te iwi ko te pupuri i te hunga rangatahi kei ngā tāone, kei wareware, kei ngaro i a rātou tō rātou tuakiri. Heoi anō, kei te haerea, kei te nōhia tonuhia te wao e Ngāi Tūhoe, e whai tonu ana i ngā mahi a kui mā, a koro mā. He tamariki, he rangatahi te nuinga o te iwi o Ngāi Tūhoe, kei ngā tāone kei waho o te rohe te nuinga e noho ana. Kei te rapu te iwi i ngā huarahi hei whakaora, hei whakakaha i ōna uri i roto i ngā rā kei te tū. I te tau 2013 e 34,890 te nui o te taupori o Ngāi Tūhoe.

Me pēnei te tohu i te whārangi:

Rangi McGarvey, 'Ngāi Tūhoe', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/mi/ngai-tuhoe (accessed 19 April 2024)

He kōrero nā Rangi McGarvey, i tāngia i te 8 o Pēpuere 2005, updated 1 o Māehe 2017