Southern Oscillation Index, 1955–2005
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Southern Oscillation Index, 1955–2005
The most accurate way of identifying El Niño or La Niña weather phases is to measure the annual air-pressure variation across the Pacific (between Tahiti in the east and Darwin in the west). These measurements are known as the Southern Oscillation Index. A variation of below -1 indicates an El Niño weather pattern. When the variation is above +1, La Niña is active.
Source: NIWA - National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
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Te Ara - The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
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